Fennel nkịtị

Fennel nkịtị (lat. Foeniculum vulgare) - Ezinaụlọ Celery (Apiaceae)

Perennial herbaceous osisi, na ọdịbendị - kwa afọ ma ọ bụ biennial. Mgbatị Fusiform, siri ike. Gee bụ 1 m ma ọ bụ karịa ogologo, kwachie, oghere, mechie, ubé dọbiri, ukwuu branched na elu. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ okpukpu atọ - na-enyofe ya gburugburu anọ na mpempe filiform, ndị nke obere dị ala, ndị nke ọzọ dịkwa obere. Oge ngosi nke ọ bụla jedebere na larịị dị mgbagwoju anya, nke mejupụtara 11-27 dị larịị, na-amị site na 10 ruo 25. Okooko dị obere, na-acha odo odo, ya na corolla ise na-ada. Mkpụrụ ahụ bụ mkpụrụ mkpụrụ mkpụrụ abụọ, gbara ọtọ, na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, 6-10 mm n'ogologo, 2.3-3.5 mm n'obosara, ya na ọgịrịga iri dị ogologo;

Ala ebe osisi a bụ Mediterranean na West Asia. N'ime oke ohia, a na-ahụ ya na mba ndịda Europe, North Africa, Iran, India, China, yana Caucasus, Crimea, Central Asia. Ọ na-eto n’ebe kpọrọ nkụ, n’ebe ọkụ na-adị, n’elu mkpọda okwute, n’akụkụ okporo ụzọ na ụlọ.

Omenala Fennel nwere mgbọrọgwụ miri emi nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọbụlagodi ndị Ijipt oge ochie, ndị Greek, ndị Rom, ndị India, ndị China jiri fennel kpọrọ ihe dị ka osisi ahịhịa na ọgwụ. N’oge emeela emepe emepe, fennel si n’Eshia Maịnọ na India bịa n’Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Europe, bụ́ ebe a na-akọ ya n’ebe niile. E si mba Balkan kpọga ya Russia. N'etiti narị afọ nke XIX. Emere mgbalị iji kụrụ ya na Poltava, na 1907-1908. - na mpaghara Voronezh.

Otu abuo nke ụdị fennel vulgaris ka amara. Arefọdụ etolitere ịmị mkpụrụ na nrị dị ụtọ, ndị ọzọ, na-etolite na ntọala nke petioles "isi" nke ogo apple, dị ka akwụkwọ nri. E debara aha ụdị nri fennel asatọ n'ụlọ.

Ngwongwo bara uru.

Akwụkwọ Fennel nwere ascorbic acid, carotene, vitamin B, E na K. Osisi ahụ yiri anise na ụtọ na ụtọ. Ihe ruru 0.67 Celsius nke mmanụ dị mkpa na-achịkọtara na akụkụ ikuku na mgbọrọgwụ fennel, yana ruo 6.5% nke mmanụ dị mkpa yana 17-21% nke mmanụ ọdụdụ na mkpụrụ osisi.

A na - akọ Fennel ka amịpụta mkpụrụ bara ụba na mmanụ dị oke mkpa, yana akwa ọkụ. Mmanụ dị mkpa amịpụtara site na mkpụrụ osisi na osisi dum egbutuworo na mkpụrụ osisi na-ejikarị ụlọ ọrụ nri, ihe ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ, ọgwụ na ndụ kwa ụbọchị.

Osisi ahụ nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya mmanụ dị mkpa. N'ime mkpụrụ osisi fennel nkịtị mmanụ a nwere ruru 6.5%. na akwụkwọ - ruo 0,5%. Fennel mmanụ dị mkpa nwere agwa mara mma na ụtọ na-atọ ụtọ. Ihe mejupụtara mmanụ ahụ bụ: anethole, fenhon, methylhavikol, α-pinene, α-fellandren, cineole, limonene, terpinolen, citral, birthyl acetate, camphor na ihe ndị ọzọ. Mkpụrụ osisi ndị ahụ nwere mmanụ dị ụtọ ruo 12-18%, nke mejupụtara petrozelinic (60%), oleic (22), linoleic (14) na palmitic (4%) acid.
N'ime ahịhịa nke ahịhịa, na mgbakwunye, enwere ọtụtụ flavonoids, glycosides, ascorbic acid, carotene, vitamin B na mineral ndị ọzọ.

Dika ogwu, amata fennel kemgbe oge ochie. A na-etinye mkpụrụ osisi Fennel na pharmacopeia nke mba 22 nke ụwa, gụnyere mba anyị. Ha bụ akụkụ nke ogwuura, choleretic, diuretic, laxative, carminative, collection ara. Site na mkpụrụ osisi fennel na-enweta nkwadebe "Anetin", nke nwere mmetụta antispasmodic, yana "mmiri dill", nke a na-eji agbaze na colic na ụmụ ọhụrụ. Mpepu ole na ole fennel mmanụ dị mkpa na mpempe shuga na-ebelata ihe mgbu na traktọ ahụ. Mmanụ a bụ akụkụ nke licensice elixir (ọgwụgwọ ụkwara), ọ na-emekwa ka ụtọ ọgwụ dịkwuo mma.

A na-eji mkpụrụ osisi Fennel na mmanụ dị mkpa iji mee ihe ụtọ, tii, ihe ọ drinksụ ,ụ, na marinade. A na-eji akwụkwọ ọhụrụ, ome na sọrel ndị amataghị eme ihe na-atọ ụtọ marinade, mgbe ị na-echekwa inine na akụ. A na-agbakwunye ahịhịa ọhụrụ na salads, nri akụkụ, ofe maka ofe, anụ na nri, na nnu nke akwụkwọ nri. Fennel mgbọrọgwụ, yana pasili, parsnip, nwere ike itinye ya ọhụrụ na salads, ofe, sauces, agbakwunyere dị ka ihe sizinin na azụ stewed, anụ ezi. Ọ nwere ike iwesa sie sie salads dị ka akụkụ nri.

Iji Steam na broom a gwakọtara ya na ntinye nke ị ga na akwụkwọ nke fennel nkịtị, yana iji ya externally ndị a ma ọ bụ osisi ndị ọzọ na - akwado ya, infusion of fennel epupụta, infusion of fennel mkpụrụ, wdg - a na-atụ aro ya maka neurasthenia, ịba ụba nke oke ụjọ nke sistemụ etiti, nsogbu ehighị ụra, na mkpali (nje ọdịdị) ọrịa nke anụ ahụ, ọnya, furun ụkwara. N'ihi ụba mmanụ dị mkpa dị na mbara igwe, broom a gwakọtara ọnụ ya na mkpịsị na mkpịsị fennel ga-abụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ n'ime ụlọ uzuoku.

“Isi” nke fennel akwukwo nri bu ezigbo ihe eji eri nri na nri. A na-eji "goofies" dị ka nri dị ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ sie, n'ọtụtụ salads ma ọ bụ dị ka nri nwere onwe, a na-akwado ya n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka kọlịflawa ma ọ bụ asparagus.

Agrotechnics.

Iji topụta fennel, ọ dị mkpa ka ibugara ebe ndị a na-emeghe nke nwere ezigbo fatịlaịza, nke bara ụba lime, na-akọ ala. Clayrọ dị arọ, igwu mmiri, ala apịtị na-enwe nnukwu acidity adịghị mma maka fennel. A na-agbasa Fennel n'oge opupu ihe ubi site na ịgha mkpụrụ nke ala n'ihe omimi nke 2.5-3 cm. Mgbe ị na-eto fennel akwukwo nri, a na-amụgharị ahịhịa iji mepụta "goofers" dị nro. A na-egbute mkpụrụ mgbe mkpụrụ ndị dị na etiti mesiri agba aja aja na-acha aja aja, na mesịa na-aghọ ntụ ntụ. Nke mbu, obula n’etiti umuaka n’enweghi nkpochapu, mgbe emesasasiri nkpuru ndia, nhichacha nke ikpeazu bu ndi ozo. Dị ka ose, a na-egbute fennel site na mgbe etolite. Enwere ike ịmịcha akwụkwọ na-eto eto n'oge niile na-eto eto. Maka iji salting inine, a na-egbute fennel n'oge ohia na nkpuru nkpuru.

Decorativeness.

Osisi fennel siri ike nke nwere ọmarịcha akwụkwọ ndị a na-egbugbere n'ime obere irighiri ihe ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ na mesịa nwere okooko osisi na-acha odo odo nwere ike ịbụ ebe etiti ihe ịchọ mma nke ahịhịa.