Mkpụrụ toro ga-eto nke ọma ga - eme ka ọka tomato, kabeeji, ose na akwa ya ka mma. Ya mere, nke mbụ, ịkwesịrị ilekọta ala nke osisi ga-akụ. Ala mix maka seedlings ga-ezute ụfọdụ njirimara. Ọ kwesịrị inwe ezigbo porosity, friability na ọ bụghị oke acidic gburugburu. Enwere ike nweta ihe ngosi ndị a ma ọ bụrụ na a kwadebere ala nke ọma maka ihe ọkụkụ.
Anyị na-ahọrọ mmiri maka ala
Otu mmeghe nke na-amalite ndị na-elekọta ubi na-agha mkpụrụ n'ime ala nkịtị ewepụtara n'ubi ha. Ya mere, ọtụtụ ndị na-ada na-eto eto nke akwụkwọ nri n'ụlọ n'ụlọ na-ahọrọ ịzụta osisi dị njikere maka akuku. Isi ihe ga - eme ka ị mịa mkpụrụ dị mma bụ ịkwadebe ala nke ọma. Ya mere, anyị ga-eme ya n'onwe anyị, ọkachasị ebe ọ nweghị ihe dị mgbagwoju anya na usoro a.
Ala nke seedlings tomato, ose, kabeeji, eggplant na cucumbers kwesịrị iso n’ihe ndị a:
- Humus. A na - enweta ya site na nri ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ahịhịa, nke a na - eme ka ala a nwee nri na - eme nri n'ụdị ala niile dị.
- Peat. Ihe mejuputara ihe o bula diri nkpuru. Ọ na-enye mmiri ahụ mkpa iji mee ka mmiri na-eto. Ọ na - eso eme ka e nwee ala dị mma.
- Ime ntụ ntụ. Na mgbakwunye na peat, ala na-enweta ezigbo porosity n'okpuru seedlings mgbe agbakwunye ájá mmiri na-adịghị mma. Ọ bụ akụrụngwa a na-ekepụta ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka ihe ọkụkụ ubi na-eto n'ime mkpụrụ. Akpụ Osimiri na peat nwere ike dochie ahihia, ma tupu iji ha, a ga-eji mmiri esi.
- Mpempe akwụkwọ ụwa. Otu akụkụ pụrụ iche nke ụdị ala a bụ friability ya dị elu, mana ọdịnaya dị ala anaghị anabata ya iji ya dịka nnukwu ala maka ịgha mkpụrụ. Yabụ, iji ya ga - ekwe omume naanị mgbe agwakọtara ya na ụdị ala ndị ọzọ. A na-anakọtakarị ala ahịhịa n’ala ahịhịa ebe ahịhịa juru na-eto. Ndị na-akọ ahịhịa n’ubi anaghị akọ banyere iji ala ndị a chịkọtara n’okpuru willow, akpu ma ọ bụ akpịrị, dị ka ịkwadebe ala maka seedlings nke ezigbo mma agaghị arụ ọrụ: ọ jupụta na tannins.
Gwakọta ihe ndị ahụ
Prekwadebe ala nke seedlings abụghị usoro mgbagwoju anya, mana ka ọ dị, ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri chọrọ mbọ ụfọdụ na oge n'efu. Ya mere, ọtụtụ na-ahọrọ ịghara inye nsogbu na ịzụta ngwakọta eji eme ihe. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị ndị niile na-emepụta ụdị ngwaahịa a dị akọ na uche, o nwekwara ike ị nweta ala peat na mpaghara acidic. Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ị gbakwunye nri ịnweta ya, a gaghị enweta ezigbo germination nke mkpụrụ na ike seedlings.
N'ihi nke a, ejiri aka na-akwadebe ala nke seedlings nke tomato, kabeeji, ose na eggplant site n'aka ndị bi n'oge ọkọchị nwere ahụmahụ. Ọ kachasị mma ịme usoro a n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, ma site na oge opupu ihe ubi ala nke seedlings ga-anọdụ ala ma nọdụ ala. Ọ bụrụ na ịhapụ ya maka nchekwa n'ọba, mgbe ahụ ọ ga-ajụkwa nke ọma, nke ga-abara ya uru.
Ala nkwadebe maka osisi na-amalite site na ịgwakọta ala. Iji mee nke a, gbasaa polyethylene na ala wee wụsa akụrụngwa ọ bụla na ogo achọrọ.
A na-adụ ọdụ ka ndị na-akụ akwụkwọ nri si mee ka ihe mejupụtara nke ala maka ihe ọkụkụ maka ahịhịa dị iche iche, ebe ọ bụ na akwukwo nri nke ọ bụla nwere mkpa na mmasị nke ya.
Ala nke seedlings tomato, ose na eggplant kwesịrị inwe ndị a:
- Otu akụkụ nke ala turf tinye 1 akụkụ nke peat na ájá osimiri. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ ngwakọta agwakọta nke ọma, emesịa ọ na-eji mmiri edozi mmiri nke ọma nke mejupụtara gram 25-30 nke superphosphate, sulfate na gram 10 nke urea kwa 10 mmiri.
- Na nha anya agwakọta turf ala, peat na humus. Younwere ike ịgbakwunye ihe abụọ nke bọọdụ ị gụrụ nke superphosphate na mpekere 0,5 nke ash na bọket ngwakọta.
Iji dozie ala nke seedlings nke kabeeji ị ga - achọ:
- Gwakọta humus (compost), ala mpempe akwụkwọ na ájá osimiri 1: 2: 1. Na bọket ngwakọta, iko 1 (200 g) nke ntụ, iko 0,5 nke oroma - fụla, 1 matchbox nke potassium sulfate na 3 matchboxes nke superphosphate agaghị enwe oke. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ike iji fatịlaịza mee fatịlaịza, mgbe ahụ, enwere ike dochie ya na ntụ n'ọtụtụ iko 3.
A kwadebere ala nke seedlings nke cucumbers, pumpkins, melons, anyụ dị ka ndị a:
- Gwakọta otu bọket ala mpempe akwụkwọ na otu humus. A na-awụnye iko 1 (200 g) nke ntụ n'ime ngwakọta, ihe ruru 10 g nke potassium sulfate, ihe dị ka 20 g nke superphosphate na-agbakwunye. Ihe niile gwakọtara nke ọma.
Ọ ga-amasịrị m ịdọ ndị na-akụ akụ mmiri ka ha jiri fatịlaịza mee ihe mgbe ị na-edozi ala maka ịkọ mkpụrụ, ma ọ bụrụ na isi ala ejiri mee nri. Nke a bụ n'ihi n'eziokwu na na na mbụ ogbo nke mkpụrụ germination, osisi ahụ achọghị ọtụtụ Chọpụta ọcha. Mkpa ha na-ebilite naanị mgbe ezi mpempe akwụkwọ mbụ pụtara. Ya mere, a na-ewebata nri ndị ọzọ site na mmiri mmiri ka izu ole na ole gachara.
Ala disinfection
Usoro a dị mkpa iji wepu nje na ala. Can nwere ike ị ghasịa ọgwụ a gwakọtara agwakọta nke ala ụlọ n'ọtụtụ ụzọ, otu n'ime ya bụ kefriza. Ma, ọ bụrụ na nke a agaghị ekwe omume, mgbe ahụ ị nwere ike iji mmiri na-ehicha ihe ma ọ bụ na-eme mmiri.
- Firstzọ nke mbụ. Wunye ngwakọta a kwadebere nke ọma na nza nke potassium permanganate (3 g kwa 10 l mmiri), mgbe nke ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ ga-adị mkpa ga-adị mkpa.
- Secondzọ nke abụọ. A na-etinye ala maka ịgha mkpụrụ na akpa akwa ma ọ bụ na akpa jupụta ma debe uzuoku maka minit 45. Can nwere ike n'ezie calcine ụwa na oven, mana yana ụmụ nje, ihe ndị dị mkpa nri na-apụ n'anya.
Mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ gasịrị, enwere ike tọgbue mkpụrụ ahụ na ngwakọta ụrọ nri. Ala kwadebere maka seedlings dịka iwu niile siri dị ga-abụ ihe mmesi obi ike nke owuwe ihe ubi dị elu na nke kwụsiri ike n'ụlọ ebe anwụ. Nwee ezigbo oge!
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