Colchicum - mmeri nke mgbụsị akwụkwọ

Aha Latin sitere na aha Grik maka mpaghara dị na Western Georgia (Colchis), ebe ụfọdụ ụdị ụdị mkpụrụ osisi a dị. A na-ejikọta aha Russian na colchicum na njirimara nke ọtụtụ ụdị na oge ntoju na ngwụsị mgbụsị akwụkwọ.. N’oge ochie, a na-akpọ ya “Filius ante patrem”, nke pụtara “nwa n’ihu nna”.

Colchicum colchicum (lat. Colchicum) - mkpụrụ sitere na osisi sitere na ezinụlọ nke ifuru ahịhịa ahịhịa na mkpụrụ osisi Colchicaceae (Colchicaceae). A na-amarakwa ụcha ụcha na agba agba n’okpuru aha ndị mmadụ; aha ya na osisi a na - eji aha eme ihe n'ụzọ na - ezighi ezi bụ ụlọ akụrụngwa oge oyi, nke sitere na Helleborus nke ezinụlọ Ranunculaceae.

Usoro okike a gụnyere ihe dị ka ụdị mkpụrụ osisi alik 70 nke a na-ahụkarị na Europe, North Africa, West na Central Asia. Ná mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi, ahịhịa na-etokarị akwụkwọ buru ibu, lanceolate, nke na-anwụ tupu mmalite nke ọkọchị. Ugbo na-abụkarị n’oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, ọ bụ naanị otu mkpụrụ osisi nwere oghere maka agba dị iche iche na-esi n’ala. Ogwe nke colchicum ruru 20 cm n'ogo, ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle perianth toro na tube dị warara, nke ka ukwuu n'ime ala. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ bụ igbe nwere ebe atọ dị n’akụkụ atọ nke mkpụrụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu.

Ugbua Dioscorides (dibịa Rome Rome oge ochie, narị afọ nke 1) dọtara uche gaa n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na osisi ndị a bụ oke nsi. Corms mebiri emebi na-ezochi alkaloid colchicine, nke nwere ike ibute nsacha ọkụ na aka. Ma ọ bụghị naanị corm, kamakwa akụkụ ahụ dị n’elu elu nwere alkaloids dị iche iche. Isonisonụ nsị nwere ike ịdị oke njọ: mgbe elekere ole na ole gasịrị, ọ na-enwe mmetụta na-enwu enwu na akpịrị, ọgbụgbọ na ọgbụgbọ, nke ọdịnihu nwere ike banye na colic, ahụ mkpọnwụ na ọdịda. Ebe ọ bụ na akụkụ niile nke osisi ahụ, na mmiri nke okooko osisi guzoro dị na-egbu egbu, ị kwesịrị iji nlezianya kpoo colchicum ma rụọ ọrụ na aka.

Colchicum nwetara aha ya maka uda mmepe di iche. N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ kọlụm, na oge opupu ihe ubi, maka akụkụ ka ukwuu, ọ bụ naanị akwụkwọ na-eto, ma ifuru na-apụta na ọdịda, ụfọdụ n'ime ha n'ụzọ nkịtị tupu snow mbụ. Ma, ọ na-enyo, enwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke colchicum nke na-acha ọkụ na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi.

Njirimara

Ọnọdụ: ndị nnọchianya nke Parajubaea - osisi ịchọ mma nke na-akọwaghị nke ọma na ebe anwụ na-acha. N’ejighi ntughari n’otu ebe ha na-eto ogologo oge. Ha nwere ike ịnọ nso bushes, ogologo herbaceous osisi, ma ọ bụ naanị na ndịda n'akụkụ.

Ala: na-ahọrọ edo edo, ọkụ. Achọrọ ala ọma nwere ọtụtụ ihe nri.

Ọdịda: omimi banyere oghe nke corms dabere na nha ha ma na-agbanwe site na 8 ruo 20 cm dabere na nha nke corms ... D. G. Oge a n'akwụkwọ ya "All About Bulb Plants" dere banyere colchicum dịka osisi amateur. Ọ gosipụtara echiche ya ọ bụghị naanị site n'eziokwu ahụ na akụkụ niile nke osisi a na-egbu egbu, kamakwa site n'eziokwu na nnukwu akwụkwọ na-eto n'oge opupu ihe ubi na-eleda anya n'echiche ya, na okooko osisi nwere ike ịgwọ ya na oke mmiri. N'akụkụ a, D. G. Hession na-adụ ọdụ ka ọ na-akụ corms dị nso na ibe ya site na anya nke 10-15 cm mgbe ị na-akụ .. Czech florist Czech Anna Yakabova na-atụ aro ka iwelie anya dị n'etiti corms ruo 20 cm n'akwụkwọ "Corms in your Garden." Corms daa, nke a kụrụ n’Ọgọst.

Nlekọta: okooko osisi colchicum nke oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ na-emetụta slugs (igbo ahihia, ịtọghe, ma fesaa elu ụwa na superphosphate maka ịchịkwa ha).

Ojiji

Mmepụ: site na nkerisi corms na mkpụrụ.

Oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke Colchicum, nke a na-ahụkarị n'ọdịnala dị ka ahịhịa mara mma, na-etolite dị ka ndị a. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, akwụkwọ ellipsoidal na-apụta, anakọtara na ala rosette na obere ahịhịa ụgha nke gbara n'ọhịa nke obere akwụkwọ gbara gburugburu. Osisi n'oge a dị elu nke 20 - 40 cm. Site na ala internodes nke azuokokoosisi, a na-etolite corm, kpuchie ya na akpụkpọ agba aja aja ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ anụ, akọrọ, na-ekpuchi akpịrịkpa, nke ga-adị ogologo olu. Corm na-esite na ya nwere ihe mebere nwatakịrị. Corm ahụ ochie, agbasasịla. Egwu, ebe o mezuru ebum n’obi ha, na-anwụkwa. Colchicum oge ntoju n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Mgbe obere oge nke mkpụrụ osisi gasịrị, mkpụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi na-amalite nwayọ nwayọ, zoo na corm na ntọala nke ifuru. Ma ọ bụ naanị oge opupu ihe ubi na-esote, tinyere akwụkwọ, mkpụrụ osisi na-apụta n'elu ala. Osisi chara acha site na mmalite nke oge ọkọchị.

A na-agbanye ngwa ngwa site na colchicum site na oria nwanyi. Mgbe ụfọdụ enwere ọtụtụ n'ime ha nke na osisi na-akwụsị ito. Ya mere, a ghaghi egwuputa ahihia ma kuru ya. Nyere usoro mmepe nke osisi ahụ, a na-agha corms na mbido oge nke ahịhịa ndụ. A na-egwu olulu n'etiti etiti ọkọchị, na Julaị, mgbe akụkụ elu ahụ nwụrụ kpamkpam, mana tupu ifuru ahụ apụta, ma a kụọ ha ozugbo ozugbo nkewa. Enwere ike ịkụ mkpụrụ ụdị ohia. N'oge mgbasa mkpụrụ, a na-akụ mkpụrụ ọhụụ na June - July. Mkpụrụ ga-apụta n'oge opupu ihe ubi na-esote, ahịhịa ga-eto na afọ 5-7.

Jiri

Isi uru nke oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ colchicum bụ unpretentiousness ya na okooko, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye ọbịa na-anabata n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ Ifuru. Osisi mara mma n’osisi otu ndị dị n’okporo ụzọ, ala, gburugburu ọdọ mmiri, n’osisi, n’ugwu ndị dị n’elu ugwu, n’oghere ndị gbara agba. N’elu mbara ihu na mbara ihu, ịma mma ya na-adọrọ adọrọ karịsịa. Naanị kụọ corms na akpa kwesịrị ekwesị, na ájá, ụrọ gbasaa ma ọ bụ gravel. Ifuru nke ọgbụgba ndụ mara mma nke ukwuu na obere ite terracotta ma ọ bụ na iko iko, ebe a na-ahụ corms ha. Ọnọdụ dị mkpa abụghị ịsa ha mmiri. The corms kwesịrị nkụ, ha ga-amalite ito nke ha. Mgbe okooko gachara, a na-akụ ha ka oghe. Ọtụtụ mgbe a na-ere corms ozugbo na okooko osisi. A gha akụ ihe ndị a n'egbughị oge, ma ọ nwere ike ịnwụ.

A na-eji ogige colchicum eme ihe maka ịkụnye n’otu n’otu megide ahihia, n’ara ifuru, ahịhịa ubi. Snwekwa ọtụtụ afọ n’ogologo oge n’oge okooko osisi na-eme ka mmadụ nwee mmetụta dị njọ. Ha zuru oke etiti ahihia ma di nma na ndo nke osisi. Echefula na oge opupu ihe ubi na-apụta na ntụpọ nke okooko osisi. Ná mmalite nke oge ọkọchị, ha ga-akpọnwụ, ya mere ọ dị mma ma ọ bụrụ na ekpuchiri ha perennials kụrụ n'akụkụ dị nso. Okpokoro nke Colchicum makwara mma maka igbutu - ha guzo na oche. Ọ dị mkpa ịmara na colchicum nwere ntakịrị nsí! Akụkụ osisi niile nwere colchicine, nke nwere ike ibute nsị na-egbu egbu.

Umu anumanu

Agrippa Colchicum / Variegated (Colchicum agrippinum / tessellatum)

Asia Minor. Osisi 10-40 cm toro ogologo. Igwe ajị anụ enweghị atụ, ihe dịka 2 cm n'obosara. Akwụkwọ 3-4, ha na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, elongated-lanceolate, warara, wavy dịtụ. Okooko osisi ahụ na-acha odo odo-pink, nwere agba dị iche iche na agba nwere agba ọcha, 1-3 na oge ịse. Lobes 2-5 cm n'ogologo. Na ntọala nke stamen ọ bụla enwere ntụpọ oroma. Ọ na-agbasa n'ọgwụgwụ n'oge ọkọchị ma n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, na-eto na mmiri.

Colchicum ancyrense / biebersteimi / triphyllum

Ọ na-eto na mbara ọzara mmiri na mkpọda ugwu, na steepụ na ala ịta ahịhịa na ala ụrọ n'ebe ndịda nke ihu ikuku na mpaghara Mediterranean, na Moldova, ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Ukraine, Crimea, Bulgaria, Greece, ọdịda anyanwụ Turkey. Osisi ahụ dị 10-15 cm ogologo. Igwe ajị ajị anụ ahụ anaghị arụ ọrụ, ihe ruru 2 cm n’ogologo, yana olu dị mkpụmkpụ. Akwụkwọ atọ, ha bụ isi awọ, nke dị obosara, nke dị warara, warara, 0.4-0.8 cm n'obosara, ciliate n'akụkụ ọnụ. Ifuru ahụ bụ 2-4, odo odo-pink. Ogo nke ukwu 1.5-2 cm. Ubi a na-agba n’okpuru na-adịkarị ala. Ifuru na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi maka ụbọchị 10-12, akwụkwọ na-etolite n'otu oge na okooko osisi.

Colchicum gbara ọchịchịrị na-acha odo odo (Colchicum atropurpureum)

Obere ifuru na-apụta na Septemba. Ha na-agbago elu 10-15 cm n’elu ala.Colrol ndị mepere emepe ọhụrụ nwere agba odo na-acha odo odo, ma mgbe ụbọchị ole na ole gasịrị, ha na-agba ọchịchịrị ma bụrụ ndị na-acha ọbara ọbara. Ituchapu na-ahapụ ihe dị ka cm 20 toro ke ini utọ. Colchicum gbara ọchịchịrị na-acha odo odo nwere njikọ chiri anya na Turkish.

Oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ Colchicum (Сolchicum autumnale / autumnale var. Mbelata / autumnale var. Nke obere)

Na-etolite ahịhịa anụ ọhịa na ọ andụ ọhịa na mpaghara obi oyi nke Europe. Osisi ahụ nọ n'ọnọdụ ihe ọkụkụ ruo 40 cm. Corms ruru 4 cm n’obosara, ya na akpịrịkpa aja ojii na-agbanye ogologo olu. Epupu aputa na oge opupu ihe ubi wee nwuo site n’oge ọkọchị, oblong, ewepụghị, chịm, ruo 30 cm. Ifuru ruru 7 cm n’obosara, na nha nke 1-4 site na otu corm, odo odo ma ọ bụ nke ọcha. Perianth lobes elliptical, pubescent n'ime. Ọ na-agba agba n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Na-amị mkpụrụ. Osisi chara acha n'oge opupu ihe ubi.

Colchicum birthmuelleri Colchicum

Ugwu Asia Minor, Iran.
Mgbụsị akwụkwọ oge ntoju. Epupụta dị ihe dịka 30 cm. Okooko osisi ahihia nwere nnukwu ntụ ọcha n'ime oghere ogologo ha ruo 10 cm. Oge ntoju na Septemba.
Ìhè ahụ. Loose, ala bara ụba.

Colchicum Byzantine (Colchicum byzantinum / autumnale var.majus / autumnale var. Isi)

Ọ na-etolite na ndịda nke ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ na mpaghara Mediterranean, na Romania, Gris, na ọdịda anyanwụ Turkey. Eleghi anya umu a putara site na ntinye nke Colombian colchicum. Ifuru ahụ bụ lilac-pink, dịtụ ibu karịa oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ colchicum. Corm buru oke ibu, na-agbanweghi agbanwe na udi, ya na oghe ruru ihe dịka 7 cm, na-etolite na okooko osisi iri na abụọ. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ sara mbara, na-apịaji, ruo 30 cm n'ogologo na cm cm dum 6. Ọ na-agbapụ site n'oge mbubreyo na ụbịa. Epupụta mepụtara n'oge opupu ihe ubi.

Colchicum colchicum (Colchicum cilicicum / byzantinum var. Cilicicum)

Amalitere na mpaghara Mediterranean na Turkey. Osisi ahụ dị ogologo 20-60 cm. Ahịhịa ahụ enweghị atụ, buru ibu, ihe dịka 5 cm n'obosara. Na-apụ apụ 4-5, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ gbara ọchịchịrị, elliptiki n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-apịaji, ruo 20 cm ogologo. Ifuru 15-25, ha buru ibu karie nke Solchicum byzantinum, lilac-pink, nke nwere ogwe ọcha. A na-edobe lobes, keel dị mfe, 5-6 cm n'ogologo. Blooms na mbubreyo mgbụsị akwụkwọ, epupụta etolite ke ini utọ.

Colchicum coliforum (Colchicum fasciculare)

O toro na mkpọda ugwu dị na mpaghara Mediterenian, na north Syria, Lebanon na Israel. Osisi ahụ dị 10-20 cm ogologo. Corm oblong, ogologo 1.8-3 cm. Epupụta 5-7, ha bụ lanceolate, akwa, kpachara anya, ciliate n'akụkụ ọnụ, ihe dịka 2-3 cm n'obosara na ruo 20 cm n'ogologo. Ifuru ahụ dị ọtụtụ (ihe ruru 20 ma ọ bụ karịa), na ụyọkọ, na-acha odo odo pink ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha. Ogo nke ukwu 0.8-2.5 cm ogologo na 0.3-0.6 cm obosara. Ọ na-agba agba n'isi mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi, ozugbo snow agbazere. Epupụta ifuru na-eto n'otu oge.

Colchicum fominii (Colchicum fominii)

Endemic nke Odessa mpaghara. So na Red Book nke USSR. Ọdịdị na-enweghị atụ, na-eto blooms kwa afọ ma na-enye mkpụrụ dị iche iche. Epupụta na mkpụrụ osisi na-apụta n'oge opupu ihe ubi. Ọ na-agbazi site ná ngwụsị August ruo etiti October. N’adịghị ka ọtụtụ ephemeroids ụbịa ndị ọzọ, okooko ya na-adabakarị na njedebe oge ọkọchị, ọ bụrụgodị na oge udu mmiri na-egbu oge.

Onye na-ahụ maka mmiri na-ahụ n'anya mmiri (a na-akpọ colchicum hydrophilum)

A na-ahụ ya na mpaghara Mediterranean na Turkey. Osisi ahụ dị 10-20 cm ogologo. Corm dị gburugburu, ihe dịka 2.5 cm n'obosara, na obere olu dị mkpụmkpụ. Epupụta 2-4, na-abụkarị 3, ha bụ lanceolate, grooved, agwaetiti, warara, 0.6-1.5 cm n'obosara. Ifuru, tinyere 3-8, acha odo odo na-acha odo odo. Beskwụ ndị ahụ dị nkọ, dị mfe ọkụ n'ime, ogologo 1.8-3 cm. Ọ na-agbawa ozugbo mmiri gbazere n'isi mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi. Epupụta ifuru na-eto n'otu oge.