Pests
Belata decorativeness, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, nje dị iche iche na-eduga na ọnwụ nke osisi. Na epupụta, buds na ifuru nke Gladioli gnaw ke scoops nke kabeeji na mọstad, gba ọtọ slugs. Mgbidi na corms nke gladioli na-emebi site na nutcrackers, ahịhịa, scoops oyi, gall nematodes. N'ihi mmebi ndị a na emebi site na ahịhịa, ihe ọkụkụ ndị a n'ataghị uto, tụgharịa edo edo, ị ga-anwụ.
Gladiolus (Gladiolus)Gladiolus gbagburu.
Ọ na-emebi ụdị gladioli, iris, calendula, daffodil, cloves. Anụmanụ okenye bụ obere, 1-1.5 mm na nha, agba aja aja, nwere ogologo, nwere nku fringed, isi ojii. Nwa nwa ahu bu odo edo edo, nke nwere anya acha uhie uhie, rute ogologo m mm, na njedebe nke aru enwere usoro toubu.
Ndị toro eto na-eme overwinter n'okpuru akwara corms na nchekwa, ebe ebe okpomọkụ karịa 10 Celsius C ha na-amụba na-aga n'ihu. Nwanyị na-eyi akwa n’anụ ahụ nke ahịhịa. Juvae a suụ ihe ọ fromụ fromụ sitere na akwụkwọ na ifuru. A na-ahụ ọtụtụ ngwụcha nke thrips mgbe ọ ghachara bulbs n'oge okooko. Otu ọgbọ na-amalite n'ime izu 2-3. N'ime oge, pesti na-elekọta nye ọtụtụ ọgbọ. N'ihi mmebi nke larvae na ụmụ ahụhụ toro eto, ntụpọ na ntụ-ọcha na-acha ọcha na-apụta na akwụkwọ, ọnya na-acha odo odo na-egosi ọnya nke gbajiri akpụkpọ anụ n'oge ịdọ akwa na ntụpọ ojii na-egosi ụmụ ahụhụ. N’oge ana-agbapụ akụ nke ifuru, thrips na-elekwasị anya n’akụkụ ya. Mgbe ntụpọ pụtara, ha abanye n’ime, mebie ifuru, nke na-agwụ, discolor na nkụ. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, mgbe okpomọkụ dara, thrips na-akwaga n'akụkụ ala nke ihe ọkụkụ.
Tupu iwere corms, ọtụtụ nke ahụhụ nọ na "hemp". E mesịa, ha ga-abanye n'okpuru akpịrịkpa nke corms. Ha na - a onụ mmiri ọ juiceụ fromụ si n'ụdị corms. Mpaghara anụ ahụ mebiri emebi na-agbanye ma na-etolite ntụpọ-dị ka agba aja aja. Corms na-aghọ ìhè, nnyapade, ma na njedebe nke nchekwa daa ọchịchịrị, ndagide, nkụ. Na mgbakwunye na imerụ ahụ, thrips na-ebu ọrịa pathogens. Pesti na uka na-aba ụba na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, na akọrọ.
Ihe njikwa
- ya na ọnụọgụ dị elu nke ahịhịa, mmalite nke ahịhịa, ruo mgbe nje ahụ kwagara n'akụkụ akụkụ nke ị ga,
- mbibi nke elu na ahihia ahịhịa niile mgbe iweghachiri anụrị, gwuo ala,
- disinfection nke corms nke mmiri nke mmiri na-eme site na mikpuru n'ime mmiri ọkụ (50 Celsius C) maka nkeji 5 ma ọ bụ fesaa na karbofos (2 g kwa 1 liter mmiri), mgbe ahụ, a na-ata ma kpoo klọọkụ ahụ,
- n'oge nchekwa nke corms, mgbe a hụrụ pesti, a na-awụsa ihe ọkụkụ na nzu ma ọ bụ wayo na-adịghị mma na ọnụego nke 20-30 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke corms, na-etinye na corms mpempe akwụkwọ na nafthalene (maka 10-15 iberibe 3-5 g nke nkwadebe) na 1 - ọnwa 1.5, mgbe ahụ corms na-ekuru ma chekwaa dịka ọ dị (i nwere ike iji nafthalene naanị rue mgbe mkpụrụ ya pụtara),
- ojuju nke corms nje tupu akuku,
- gwọọ ọtụtụ oge mgbe ụbọchị 7-10 gachara ọrịa ịba 10% (75 g kwa 10 l mmiri) n'oge ọkọride mgbe osisi ndị mebiri emebi pụtara (na njedebe nke June).
- re-akuku gladioli n'otu ebe mgbe afọ 3-4,
- na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi iji mee ka ọ bụrụ nke na-emebi emebi.
Gladiolus (Gladiolus)Mpekere yabasị.
Ọ na - emebi ahịhịa bulbous: lily, hyacinth, tulip, daffodil, gladiolus corms na tubers Dahlia. Nwa nwoke toro ogologo ruo 1.1 mm ogologo, mkpụmkpụ mkpụmkpụ, odo na-acha odo odo, nke na-egbu maramara.
Akọrọ na-ebi n'ime ala na ahịhịa ahịhịa na -ebi n'ime osisi kụrụ n'ime ala. Ha na-abanye n’ime oriọna n’ala ma obu ihe mmezi ma dozie n’etiti flakes ahu. Mamụ nwanyị dina nsen na bulbs. Hatching mgbe ụbọchị 4-7 si àkwá, na larvae inu mmiri ihe ọ fromụ juiceụ si na akpịrịkpa nke bulbs na-etolite n'ime otu ọnwa. N'ihi akara nri na -eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe ọkụkụ, uto nke ihe ọkụkụ na-akwụsịlata, akwụkwọ na-acha odo odo ma na-achagharị. Mite na-emebi bulbs na tubers n'oge nchekwa, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na ehichaghị akpịrịkpa na mgbọrọgwụ ya. N'oge nchekwa, yana nnukwu mmebi ahụ na-emebi ikuku, a na-eji ájá aja aja kpuchie elu elu nke akpịrịkpa ahụ. Bulbs rere ure ma kpọọ nkụ, na-emebi emebi. Mgbe ị na-akụ bọmbụ na tubers nke mite na-ebi n'ime ala, ala na osisi ndị ọzọ bu nje. Pesti na-achọsi ike na oke okpomọkụ (18 ... 20 Celsius C) na iru mmiri (karịa 60%).
Ihe njikwa
- na-akụ ihe ọkụkụ na-akọghị na ala ma na-eto ahịhịa na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ odo.
- na saịtị akara oria, mmadụ ekwesịghị ịkọ ahịhịa bulbous na dahlias ruo afọ 3-4;
- mkpokọta na mbibi nke irighiri ahịhịa mgbe iwechasịchara ahịhịa;
- ojuju nke ahihia na nkpuru ahihia tupu inye ha nchekwa, na-ehicha ha nke akpịrịkpa na mgbọrọgwụ, na-awụ ncha ma ọ bụ sọlfọ (20 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke ihe ọkụkụ), ịhazi oge niile na mwepụ nke bulbs mebiri emebi, na-echekwa ya na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke 2 ... 5 ° С na iru mmiri ikuku. adịghị elu karịa 60%;
- ọgwụgwọ ọkụ maka nkeji 5 nke nje oria na mmiri dị ọkụ ruo 50 Celsius C, ma ọ bụ ụbọchị 5-7 na okpomọkụ nke 35 ... 40 Celsius C, disinfection maka 30-50 nkeji na ngwọta nke Celtan (3 g kwa 1 lita mmiri), 30 % malathion (5 g kwa 1 lita mmiri);
- spraying na karbofos 10% (75 g kwa 10 l mmiri) ma ọ bụ ịsa mmiri n'okpuru mgbọrọgwụ na 20% celtan (20 g kwa 10 l mmiri) n'oge oge osisi.
Ọrịa
Ihicha ma ọ bụ ụzụ nke obi ụtọ.
Ọ na-etolite na nnukwu ihe ọjọọ n'akụkụ niile nke ịkụ ụtọ nke gladioli na oge ọkọchị. A na-emetụta mgbọrọgwụ na corms nke gladioli. N'okwu a, ụdị ọrịa dị 2: akpọnwụ na ire ere nke corms. Mgbe wilted, osisi ndị ahụ na-acha odo odo, na-amalite site n'elu, gbagọrọ agbagọ ma nwụọ n'ihi browning na ịnwụ nke mgbọrọgwụ.
Thedị nke abụọ, agba aja aja ma ọ bụ agba nwere nkụda mmụọ na-apụta na corms. N’akụkụ nke akụkụ nke akụkụ osisi ahụ emetụtara, a na-agba aja aja. Corms ndị ọrịa anaghị anabata oge nchekwa oge, ire ere. Mgbe ị na-akụ, ha na-epulite n’adighi ike ma ọ bụ ghara itolite ma ọlị, fechaa n’ala. A na-ebufe ọrịa ahụ na ihe ọkụkụ. Ero ha na-achapu ahihia na corms ndị emetụtara na ala.
Ihe njikwa
- mbibi nke osisi na-arịa ọrịa n’oge ọkọchị na mgbe ị na-egwu ala corms;
- ntụgharị nke ọdịbendị na nlọghachi nke gladioli n'ọnọdụ mbụ ha mgbe afọ 3-4 gachara;
- ịhazi corms tupu echekwa na tupu ịkụ ya;
- na-echekwa ebe a na-adọta ikuku
- na-eme ka ahịhịa na magnesium na-eme nri.
- -egwu ala oghere ke gladioli nke ọrịa na corms ma na-eju ha na garlic infusion (30 g nke infusion kwa 1 liter mmiri), na-ejuputa n'olulu na ụwa, na mgbe 5 ụbọchị nhazi na Mọstad ihe ngwọta;
- teta tupu ịkụnye corms nke gladioli maka awa 8-10 na infusion nke marigolds (ahịhịa kpọrọ nkụ, jupụta na ọkara nke bọket ahụ jupụtara, jupụta na mmiri ọkụ ma hapụ ya maka ụbọchị abụọ), mgbe ị tụbara ya peduncles na mmalite nke okooko - okpukpu atọ nke okpukpu okpukpu.
Gladiolus (Gladiolus)Brown adiahade.
Corms, epupụta, gị, ifuru na-emetụta ya. Obere ntụpọ na-acha uhie uhie na agba aja aja n'ụdị akwụkwọ ahụ. N’ihu ọnụọgụ dị iche iche, mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ dum na-acha aja aja wee nwụọ n’oge.
A na-akpụzi akụkụ gbara agba nwere agba aja aja na agba aja aja na agba dị iche iche. N'elu ifuru, ifuru, mmiri na-agbanye, na-eduga na ọnwụ nke ifuru ahụ dum. Brown tụrụ na-etolite na peduncles. A na-eji iru mmiri ikuku dị elu na-apụta, ahịhịa dị na akwụkwọ ahụ, ị ga-eme ka ogige ya ma ọ bụ ifuru kpuchie ya. Mgbe ụfọdụ, akwụkwọ na-apụ na enweghị ntụpọ na mberede tụgharị edo edo wee nwụọ. Nke a na - eme mgbe emetụta osisi.
Mmeri nke corm na-amalite site azuokokoosisi njedebe na-egosipụta na browning nke isi nke corm. Nke nta nke nta, akụkụ niile nke corms kpuchie na agba aja aja. N'elu elu, enweghi akara nke oria, naanị site na ịpị n'okpuru, anyị nwere ike gosipụta na corm na-eregharị. Ero overwinters ke corms emetụ na akwụkwọ dị nso n'elu ala.
Ihe njikwa
- nloghachi nke gladioli na ebe obibi ha mbụ tupu afọ 4 gachara;
- ihicha corms na okpomọkụ nke 25 ... 30 Celsius C na ikuku dị mma (ozugbo a gwọchara); ojuju nke sebaceous corms;
- ịchekwa corms na okpomọkụ nke 6 Celsius C na iru mmiri nke 75-80%;
- etching corms tupu ịtọ ke oghe n'ime ihe ngwọta nke potassiumgangan (30 g kwa 10 l mmiri) maka awa 1-2, ụmụaka na-etinye mmiri na mmiri mmanya (50 g kwa 10 l mmiri);
- mwepụ nke ahịhịa na-acha odo odo na nke na-akụ (karịsịa n'oge okooko);
- spraying gladioli na a 1% Bordeaux ngwakọta (100 g ọla kọpa sulfate na mgbakwunye nke 100 g wayo kwa 10 l mmiri) mgbe uka okooko ma ọ bụ infusions osisi kọwara na jikoro mbuso ihicha nke gladioli.
Akọrọ ahịhịa nke ị ga na corms.
A na-emetụta mgbọrọgwụ, corms, epupụta, ị ga. E gosipụtara ihe ịrịba ama mbụ na odo na browning nke elu nke akwụkwọ. Site na mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ, ịcha ahịhịa na ọnwụ nke ihe ọkụkụ ahụ na-ewere oke oke. N'elu akwụkwọ odo, mgbọrọgwụ, corms, na isi nke akwụkwọ, ị ga-eto, na-acha oji ojii (sclerotia). Anụmanụ na-emetụta n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe na-egbu egbu. Ero overwinters na corms emetụtara, na ahịhịa ahịhịa, na ala, ebe ọ ga-adịgide ruo afọ 4. Ọnwụ si na ọrịa nwere ike si na 15 ruo 50%.
Ihe njikwa
- na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi na-arịa ọrịa ma na-akụ corms ahụ ike na mpaghara ebe a kụrụbeghị gladioli n'afọ 4 gara aga;
- ihicha corms na okpomọkụ nke 25 ... 30 Celsius C nke nwere ezigbo ikuku dị mma ozugbo igwu ala, na-agbanye ogwe ahihia na potassium permanganate (15-30 g kwa 10 l mmiri) na ikpughe ihe ngwọta maka awa 1-2;
- spraying na a 1% Bordeaux ngwakọta (100 g ọla kọpa sulfate na mgbakwunye nke 100 g wayo kwa 10 l mmiri) mgbe uka okooko;
- igwu ala site na olulu mmiri;
- mgbake nke corms: oria nwere oria, obughi oria, nke akuru na nri inyinya; transplanted pulitere na akwa, na-enweghị na-agbakwunye nri na uzo (a ụfọdụ ego ya na-ebu ya na corms na mgbọrọgwụ, atọ na loosening a rụrụ kwa ụbọchị ọ bụla).
Ike adiahade.
Epupụta, corms na-emetụta. Ahịhịa aja aja gbara agba na okirikiri gbara agba na akwụkwọ, nke ndịrị ojii na-apụta - pycnids nke nwere mkpụrụ mmiri fungal. On corms, ọrịa ahụ na-etolite ọdịda n'ụdị obere mmiri, ihe dị iche iche nwere agba uhie na-acha ọbara ọbara. Ihe ntụpọ ahụ na-abawanye, akụkụ nke etiti ha na-emikpu, na-enweta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ oji na usoro ndị ọzọ akọwapụtara. Iche iche na-ejikọ onwe ha. Akpukpo aru a metụtara na jisiri ike ma mekwaa ka ha ghara idi nma mgbe obula a mere eji akpo oria a. Ọrịa ahụ na-adịgide n'ime ala, na corms emetụtara ruo afọ 4. Ofufe nke osisi na-esite na ala. N'oge ọkọride na-akụ ihe ọkụkụ, ahịhịa ahụ na-agbasa site na ahịhịa nke ikuku, mmiri ozuzo, ụmụ ahụhụ na-ebu.
Ọrịa a kachasị emerụ n'ime mmiri mmiri, afọ mara mma na ala.
Ihe njikwa
- dị ka ya na akọrọ rot nke gladioli.
Ọrịa kansa.
Ọrịa dị ize ndụ maka dahlias, Roses, carnations, gladioli, peonies. A na-emetụta sistemụ osisi. Mgbe egwu ala corms na ebe etolitere umu aka, ma obu site na umu aka ha pụta, agam adighi nma nke adighi agha agha.
Ihe njikwa
- mbibi nke corms ọrịa;
- na-eji okpukpu kpochapu ahihia n’ahia mgbe ha ghachara ocha ahihia (150-200 g / m2) ma were okpukpo mejue ya.
- mgbe ị na-elekọta osisi, zere imebi, karịchaa, usoro mgbọrọgwụ yana olu mgbọrọgwụ,
- A ghabeghị corms nke gladioli ruo afọ 2-3 na mpaghara ebe a hụrụ ọrịa kansa.
Mosaic nke gladioli.
Ọrịa malitere ịrịa. Ọ na-emetụta ahịhịa na okooko osisi. N'ime akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, a na -ezi ahihia na annular ma ọ bụ ogwe agba nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba akwụkwọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, n'etiti etiti veins. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-egosi ntụpọ n'ụdị nke mgbaaka emechiri emechi. N'elu ifuru, ntụpọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba ntụ, ma nwee ike ịdị n'ụdị strok. N'ihi ntụpọ na ọnya, okooko ya na-agbanwe; petals ha na-agbagọ mgbe ụfọdụ. N'ime ahịhịa ndị na-arịa ọrịa, okooko osisi dị obere, na akụ okooko osisi na-aba ụba nke ukwuu n'ogologo. Usoro mmepe iji mepụta Àkụ áká na osisi nwere ọrịa na-egbu oge. Ndị ọrịa na-arịa afọ site n'afọ ruo n'afọ, kwụsịrị inye akụ. A na-ebute oria site na thrips, aphids. N'oge ọkọride, a na-ebunye nje ahụ site na corms gaa ụmụaka.
Ihe njikwa
- iwepụ na ọkụ nke ọrịa na corms;
- mbibi a na - egbu oge - ndị na - ebu nje (aphids, thrips);
- ihe omuma nke ezigbo onodu maka iku ala nke gladioli: isisa ahihia nke oge, igwu ahihia, inye nkpuru;
- na-akụ mkpụrụ corms n’ebe ikuku na-ekuru.
Nchedo na osisi na atụmatụ ụlọ - Pearl A. A., Stepanina N. P., Tarasova V. P.
