Velvet ọhịa

Cheta akụkọ banyere onye njem ike gwụrụ Vladimir Klavdievich Arsenyev banyere oke dị ebube ma sie ike nke Ussuri Territory? Ezigbo ọgaranya, ha na-atụ ndị nyocha n'anya ugbu a. E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị osisi, osisi, osisi vaịn nke ị na-agaghị ahụ na oke ohia nke mpaghara ụwa ọzọ. Osisi Mongolian na osisi magnolia nke China, ukpa Manchurian na ussuri ure, magnolia na aralia.

Otu n'ime ihe ọkụkụ dị na Eastern Eastern bụ cork, ma ọ bụ osisi velvet. N’ụbọchị anwụ na-acha, anwụ na-acha nchara nchara nke ogwe osisi ya na alaka ya ndị gbara agba na-acha aja aja na-achapụta nke ọma n'ọhịa gbara ọchịchịrị nke Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ igawa. Osisi velvet ka mara mma karịa ọdịda, na uwe ọla edo, yabụ, n'ụzọ kwekọrọ n'ụyọkọ nke obere osisi ojii na-adịghị mma. Ọbụna n'oge oge oyi, na-agbada akwụkwọ, osisi ahụ na-adọta uche ya na mbido mbụ ya na ụdọ olu na-agbanwe.

Amur Velvet, ma ọ bụ Amur Cork Osisi (Phellodendron amurense)

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A nwere ike ịmata ụzọ dị nro nke ogwe nke osisi a nke ọma ọbụlagodi site na imetụ aka. Ndị mbụ bi na Russia nyere osisi ahụ aha osisi velvet, ma ọ bụ velvet. Ndị Botanist kpọrọ ya Amur velvet. Nke a bụ otu n'ime osisi kachasị ochie nke osisi terebinwụ, ọ na - amalite oge ọmụmụ ọmụmụ. Amur velvet bụ nnukwu ihe ncheta nke oke ọhịa dị n'okirikiri kpuchie Europe, Siberia na East Asia n'oge ahụ. Ọ bụ ihe a na-emeghị eme na ya bụ ezigbo onye agbataobi nke ahịhịa citrus (oroma, lemon, asụsụ Mandarin) ma bụrụkwa otu ezinụlọ sitere na mkpọrọgwụ. Ihe karịrị ụdị velvet 10 ndị ọzọ na-eto na Japan, Sakhalin, Taiwan na Central China, mana ha niile dị ala karịa ndị otu Amur na ogo nke isi ahịhịa. Ufodi enweghi nkpuru okwu ma obu ha nwere ya nke karie karie ma amaghi nma, ebe Amur velvet ka o toro 6cm.

Amur velvet biri n'ọhịa ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ mainlywa tumadi n'akụkụ ndagwurugwu osimiri na n'ebe dị nnọọ mma. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-eru elu nke mita 32 na dayameta n'oghere ruru mita. Osisi a na-ebikarị 150-200, na mgbe ụfọdụ karịa narị afọ atọ.

N'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbe taiga ahụ niile achaala akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, velvet anaghị emeghe akwụkwọ obere oge. Ha pụtara ihe fọrọ nke nta ka otu ọnwa gachaa karịa osisi ndị ọzọ. Ndị ọrụ Botanist na-atụle nke a dị ka ụdị inye ume ọhụrụ ọ bụrụ na n'oge oyi nke oge opupu ihe ubi. Ma ọsọ nke ifuru dị ka ifafute. Tomalite itolite n’isi ngwa ngwa ewepu akwụkwọ ya, ọ ga-ada na ụbọchị 8-10.

Amur Velvet, ma ọ bụ Amur Cork Osisi (Phellodendron amurense)

Oge a yiri ka ọ na-eche nde a beesụ. Ifuru na-amịpụta mmanụ a ofụ nke Amur velvet n’etiti ụdị ọdịnala ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ bụ nke abụọ nanị na Manchurian linden nke ịmịpụta mmanụ a honeyụ. N’ezie, ụta sitere na velvet dị na mbụ, ebe ọ na-eto n’izu ụka abụọ tupu ifuru nke linden. N'oge okooko osisi sitere na okpueze nke velvet, a na-anụ mkpọtụ nkụ, a na-anakọta ọ bụghị naanị nectar, kamakwa pollen. Ezinaụlọ nke ọ bụla na-enweta mmanụ a honeyụ ruo kilogram 8-12, na ihu igwe kachasị mma nchịkọta ụbọchị ọ bụla ruru kilogram abụọ. Mmanụ a collectedụ anakọtara site na ifuru nke Amur velvet nwere njiri mara mma na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na uto na okpukpo siri ike. Achọpụtara ya na ọbụlagodi afọ 23 nchekwa, mmanụ a doesụ a anaghị egosighi akara ọ bụla. Ọ na-ejigide ya ruo ogologo oge dị otú ahụ na uto dị ịtụnanya na Njirimara ọgwụgwọ. Ọ na-agwọ ọria.

Mkpụrụ vaịn na-amị mkpụrụ n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ma kwụsie ike na ụyọkọ ojii ruo mgbe mmalite nke oge oyi. Bọọlụ gbara ọchịchịrị ha gbara agba nwere mkpụrụ mkpụrụ ise, nke bụ ọgwụgwọ maka ndị na-acha uhie uhie, isi awọ na anụnụ anụnụ.

Amur Velvet, ma ọ bụ Amur Cork Osisi (Phellodendron amurense)

Kemgbe oge ochie, ndị bi n'ime obodo mara banyere ihe ọgwụgwọ nke bast, akwụkwọ na mkpụrụ osisi nke osisi a dị ịtụnanya. A na-eji osisi vaịneti kpọrọ ihe nke ukwuu, mara mma n'ụdị ya na agba aja aja gbara ọchịchịrị. O siri ike, dị ọkụ, nwere hygroscopic dị ala. Mana "ụtụ" isi ndị mmadụ na-atụpụrụ na nnukwu isi awọ bụ mkpọda okporo ụzọ. Site n'ụzọ, Amur velvet bụ naanị onye na - ebu ụlọ kwesịrị ekwesị maka Ngwuputa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.

Ahịhịa na nnukwu alaka nke velvet gbara ya gburugburu bụ okirikiri akwa na-agbanwe agbanwe, bụ nke na-enweghị atụ na ihe ndị ọzọ. Nke a bụ ezigbo ọrụ ebube nke okike: ka emechara, akpati anaghị ekwe ka mmiri mmiri na ikuku na-agafe agafe, anaghị emetụta isi, uto nke ngwaahịa na-esonye na ya. Ọ nwere oke ọkụ, ụda na akụrụngwa mkpuchi, anaghị agbanwe agbanwe n'okpuru kemịkal (acid, alkalis, alcohols).

A na-eji ihe dị ka 90 nke ngwaahịa ndị kachasị ewu ewu na cork. Ọbụna a na-achịkọta crumbs na cork corkins ma jiri ya rụọ ọrụ na linoleum, njikọta akwụkwọ na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ewu ụlọ na imecha.

Amur Velvet, ma ọ bụ Amur Cork Osisi (Phellodendron amurense)

Odi nkpa na ndi okacha amara nke Soviet mepere udiri nnwale ulo a. Gọọmentị tsaristị enyoghi enyo enyo ụdị nnukwu osisi ọhịa a dị na East East ma si na mba ofesi bubata. Ndị nyocha anyị emeela ihe dị ukwuu iji mụọ bayoloji nke Amur velvet na teknụzụ owuwe ihe ubi. N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 1933, a kwadebere ule mbụ (90 tọn) nke ihe nkpuchi n'ọhịa ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ .wa. Kemgbe ahụ, ịzụ ahịa na-eto n’ike n’ike site n’afọ ruo n’afọ. Na myirịta, enwere nnukwu ule na ozuzu nke Amur velvet n'akụkụ Europe nke USSR. Na mbu, akuku a toro nanị na botanical ubi na arboretums, mgbe ahụ, ha ji nke nta nke nta malite ewebata ha na osisi na ohia ulo ahihia.

Limbụ atụmatụ ae mepere emepe nke Amur velvet na-ewe ihe dịka afọ iri atọ. Enwere ike ịchọta osisi Cork na mpaghara buru ibu na ahịhịa ọhụrụ na Baltic States, Belarus, Ukraine na Caucasus. Na Ukraine naanị, a kụrụ Amur velvet n'ihe karịrị hectare 5,000; na ugwu nke Europe nke USSR, ọdịbendị ya ruru obosara nke Moscow na Leningrad. Osisi ọhụrụ kwa afọ na-eme ka ọtụtụ ihe na-akpata njem ụgbọ njem.

Amur Velvet, ma ọ bụ Amur Cork Osisi (Phellodendron amurense)

Nchọpụta egosila na enwere ike iwepụ akwa nke akpọnwụ ahụ tupu osisi dị afọ 18, osisi dị afọ 25 dị mma na-enyekwa kilogram nke akpukpo ukwu. Mgbe owuwe ihe ubi mbụ gasịrị, a na-enyekarị osisi ahụ izu ike ruo afọ 10-12. N’oge a, eweghachila okpukpu oyibo nke ihechi ahụ kpamkpam.

Ruo ọtụtụ nde afọ, Amur velvet ewegharawo ebe ọhụụ ma ọ bụ hapụ ndị ochie, na-erubere naanị egwuregwu mbụ nke okike, ugbu a na ọdịnihu ya bụ mkpebi siri ike nke ndị Soviet.