Sesame, ma ọ bụ Sesame

Mkpụrụ Sesame, ma ọ bụsesame (Akara Sesamum) - osisi sitere na ezinụlọ Sesame (Pedaliaceae), bụ nke Parati Sesame (Sesamum), gụnyere ihe ruru ụdị iri na-eto n'oké ọhịa na ebe ndịda Africa, ma e wezụga otu ọrụ ugbo kemgbe oge ochie na Asia niile na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ, na ugbu a na America.

Aha Latin maka nkpuru osisi Sesamum sitere na Greek ọzọ. sēsamon, nke, n'aka nke ya, gbaziri site na asụsụ Semitic (Aramaic) shūmshĕmā, arab. simsim), de na odiyifo Babilonfo shawash-shammuotassirian shamash-shammūsite nashaman shammī - "osisi mmanụ".

Sesame, ma ọ bụ sesame (Sesamum Tusum) Akwụkwọ nkọwa sitere n'akwụkwọ "Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen", 1887

Sesame bụ osisi a na-eme kwa afọ dị 60-150 cm.Otu mgbọrọgwụ dị 70-80 cm n'ogologo, na-akpụ akpụ ma sie ike na akụkụ elu. Azuokokoosisi kwụrụ ọtọ, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ ubé ọbara ọbara, 4-8 nwere ihu, ebe obibi, na-adịkarị ala, na-esikarị n’okpuru ya; nke-abuo na-emebeghi nke oma. Epupụta ọzọ, abụghị ma ọ bụ agwakọta. Na-ahapụ ụlọ ogwe, dị larịị ma ọ bụ nke akpịrị ogologo, 10-30 cm, ogologo nke ịchọrọ. Okpukpo ahihia di iche iche di iche iche n’otu ahihia. Akwụkwọ nke dịkarịsịrị ala na-abụkarị gbaa gburugburu; ndị etiti bụ lanceolate, elliptical ma ọ bụ elongate-ovoid, dum-face, serrated, incised ma ọ bụ nke miri emi, kewara iche. Akwụkwọ nke dị elu dị warara, ha niile. Ifuru ahụ buru ibu, ruo 4 cm n'ogologo, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ sessile, nke dị na axils nke 1-5 PC. Calyx 0.5-0.7 cm ogologo, akwukwo, na-eji 5-8 elongated green, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, pubescent nju. Corolla nwere akụkụ abụọ, pink, acha ọcha ma ọ bụ odo odo, pubescent densens, 1.5-3.8 cm ogologo.Eze egbugbere ọnụ dị mkpụmkpụ, 2-3-lobed; dị ala - ogologo, 3- na 5-lobed. Stamens, ọnụọgụ 5, na-agbakwunye na mpaghara ala nke corolla, nke 4 na-azụlitekarị, nke ise amalitebeghị. Obere odi ka enwee stamen iri. Pestle nwere mkpịsị ugodi anọ na anọ nke anọ ana - agba okirikiri.

Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ na-acha uhie uhie, na-atụnye aka na onu ire, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ nke na-acha ọbara ọbara, nke nwere okpu nke okpukpu anọ nke -9-9, ogologo nke 3-5 cm. Mkpụrụ enweghị oke, ewepụghị, 3-3.5 mm ogologo, ọcha, odo, agba aja aja, ma ọ bụ ojii.

Okooko osisi na June-July, na-amị mkpụrụ n'August-Septemba. N'ime oke ohia, a na-ahụ ya naanị n'Africa.

Sesame, ma ọ bụ sesame (Sesamum Tusum) ifuru

Sesame, ma ọ bụ sesame (Sesamum tus)

Ifuru Sesame, ma ọ bụ sesame (Sesamum Tusum) ifuru

Sesame, ma ọ bụ sesame (Sesamum Tusum) na igbe mkpụrụ

Mkpụrụ Sesame bụ otu n'ime oge ochie kacha mara mmadụ maara, ma eleghị anya, ihe ọkụkụ mbụ etolitere n'ụzọ pụrụ iche n'ihi mmanụ oriri. Ndị bi na Babilọn kwadebere pes na pals, mmanya na brandi, ma jiri mmanụ mee nri na ụlọ mposi. Ndị Ijipt jiri Sesame dị ka ọgwụ dịka mbido afọ 1500 BC “Open Sesame” bụ okwu anwansi nke Ali Baba ji ya na ndị ohi iri anọ batara n’ọgba ahụ. Enwere ike ikwupụta nke a n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na peses mfri eke na-emeghe site na iji olu dị ike na-emetụ ntakịrị. Ọbụna sesame oge ochie nwere njikọ anwụghị anwụ. Enwere ụfọdụ ikwubiga okwu ókè na nke a, mkpụrụ sesame bara ụba na vitamin (ọkachasị vitamin E) na mineral (ọkachasị zinc) dị mkpa maka ahụ mmadụ ọ bụla. O bu ihe nwute, sisiteghi ama nke oma n’obodo anyi, a makwaara ya dika ihe eji aru halva, karie “tahini” - maka nkwadebe ya, eji tahini eme ihe dika ihe nlere - nkpuru sesame. Osisi, dabere na ụdị osisi ahụ, nwere agba aja aja, ọbara ọbara, ojii, odo na ọdụ. A na-ahụta mkpụrụ dị njọ karịa ka mkpụrụ Sesame nwere nutty, ụtọ dị ụtọ nke na-akawanye elu mgbe ighe. N'ihi oke mmanụ nwere, mkpụrụ na-emebi ngwa ngwa. Ọ ka mma ịzụta ha n'obere obere ma jiri ngwa ngwa. N'ụzọ dị iche, mmanụ Sesame dị mma ma echekwa ya ogologo oge. Ebe ọ bụ na sisite taa bụ oge nnụnụ na-esi ísì ụtọ na ihe ụtọ na ụwa, yana isi iyi nke mmanụ ihe oriri, chebara etu esi eme ya, malite na Middle East. Na Middle East, a na-eji mkpụrụ sesame fesa ụdị bred niile na achịcha dị mbadamba. A na-eji akwa Sesame eme ihe na Middle East, a na-ejikwa ya ọtụtụ usoro nri Middle East iji mee ka okpukpo okpueze na ụtọ dị ụtọ.

Sesame, ma ọ bụ sesame mkpụrụ (Sesamum tusum) mkpụrụ

N'ụzọ bụ isi, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpụrụ osisi niile nwere ụdị ume zoro ezo, nke a na-eji dị ka ihe ubi maka ihe ọkụkụ na - eto eto na ngalaba mbụ nke ndụ ya. Mkpụrụ nwere mmanụ ọdụdụ (ihe ruru 60%), nke gụnyere glycerides nke oleic, linoleic, palmitic, stearic, arachinic na lignoceric acid; phytosterol, sesamine (chloroform), sesamol, sesamoline, vitamin E, onwe. Dabere na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ, mmanụ sesame bụ ihe mejupụtara triglycerides, ntakịrị oleic acid na-enweghị afọ ojuju (35-48%), linoleic acid (37-48%), na mgbakwunye, ihe dị ka 10% nke ọdụdụ ọdụdụ: stearic (4-6%), palmitic ( 7-8%), yana myristic (ihe dị ka 0.1%), arachinic (ihe ruru 1.0%) (nọmba ayodiin 110). N'ihi njirimara antioxidant ya siri ike - a na-ahụ mmanụ sesame (oxyhydroquinone methyl ester) na sesame mmanụ, na enweghị nke atọ nwere abụba abụba, mmanụ sesame nwere ndụ nchekwa ogologo Mkpụrụ Sesame bara ụba na calcium, vitamin B1 na E na polyinsaturated fatty linoleic acid. Mkpụrụ Sesame nwere ihe dị ka 50-60% mmanụ ọdụdụ, ihe mejupụtara ya bụ lignins abụọ - sesamine na sesamoline (ihe dị ka 300 ppm na mmanụ), nke a gbanwere na antioxidants, sesamol na sesaminol, n'oge a na-emezigharị. Mmanụ Sesame bụ ngwaahịa nri nke ya na mmanụ oriri ndị ọzọ, agbanyeghị, ọ nweghị vitamin A na obere vitamin E. Sesame mmanụ sitere na iyi ndị mejupụtara ya naanị n'oge usoro oriri. Ndị bụ isi bụ 2-furylmethanethiol, nke na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa na isi nke kọfị na anụ a na-eme achịcha, guayacol (2-methoxyphenol), phenylethanethiol na furaneol, yana vinylguacol, 2-pentylpyridine, wdg.

Simit, Greek na Turkish jiri mkpụrụ sesame mee achịcha.

A na-eji mkpụrụ Sesame ịgbakwunye udidi na ụtọ na achịcha dị iche iche, mpịakọta, akwa na akwa salad. Ngwakọta ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ na Middle East na Eshia na-eji mkpụrụ ọka Sesame a gweriri agwakọta. Na China na Japan, a na-eji saladi na ngwa nri.

A na-eji Sesame eme ihe maka imepụta taịlị taịlị. A na-ejikarị mkpụrụ sesame mkpụrụ maka ebumnuche ndị a. A na-eji mkpịsị Tahini maka imepụta ihe ụtọ, yana yana shuga na mmanụ a honeyụ maka imepụta halva. Maka imepụta mado tahini dị elu, enwere ike peeame mkpụrụ. A na-ejikarị sesame dị ọcha chọọ mma na achịcha. Maka ebumnuche ndị a, sesame dị peeled. Mgbe akpọnwụrụ, a ga-eghe sesame tupu ewere ya dị ka ifesa ngwakọta. Na Korea, a na-eji akwụkwọ sesame nke nwere ụtọ na-eme ihe, a na-enye ha ọdịdị mara mma ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka akwụkwọ nri nwere ihendori ma ọ bụ nke e ghere eghe. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji ha kpuchie osikapa na akwụkwọ nri n'ime ha (analogue nke sushi Japanese) na-etinye akwụkwọ ọka Sesame a gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na njedebe nri. Ngwakọta sesame Korea na-amị nnukwu akwụkwọ nke yitere yiri akwụkwọ banister, nke ha na-ahọrọ karịa na nri Japanese. Akwụkwọ nke mkpọchị ahụ dị obere ma nwee obere, na -emekwu ọnụ ma na-esi isi dị iche. Nnu nke Sesame - nnuku ndị Korea kacha mkpa bụ ngwakọta nke mkpụrụ osisi Sesame a ghere eghe.

Njikọ ihe: