Nchedo Pesti

Nkebi nke 1. Grapevine amụrụ iji nye anwụghị anwụ
Nkebi nke 2. Akụkụ nke nlekọta ubi vaịn
Nkebi nke 3. Osisi vaịn ahụ ga-ata ahụhụ. Kwachaa
Nkebi nke 4. Nchedo nke mkpụrụ vaịn na ọrịa fungal
Nkebi nke 5. Nchedo mkpụrụ vaịn site na ụmụ ahụhụ
Nkebi isii
Nkebi nke 7. Mgbasa mkpụrụ vaịn site na grafting
Nkebi nke 8. Otu dị iche iche na mkpụrụ vaịn

Umu ahihia mebiri osisi vaịn site na 30-40%. Ndi paradaịs dobere akụkụ ahụ ahịhịa ndụ dị n'ime ọhịa, mebie antennae, akwụkwọ, ome na-eto eto, mgbọrọgwụ na tomato nke ihe ọkụkụ. Kasị pests bụ mkpụrụ vaịn na horticultural kụrụ, ya mere, mfe ịgbanwee site na mkpụrụ a kụrụ ka osisi vaịn bushes (obere anụrị, gude kpụa ya, akọrọ, aphids, akụrụ-nri anụ na ndi ozo). Agbanyeghị, n'adịghị ka ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ, mkpụrụ osisi aphids na-emetụta mkpụrụ vaịn, ahụhụ na-ata ahụhụ nke na-adị naanị n'akụkụ ala nke ahịhịa. Maka mkpụrụ vaịn mgbọrọgwụ aphid ma obu phylloxera - Pesti kachasị dị ize ndụ kwarantaini.

Phyloxera

Phyloxera pụtara aphid ebibi. N’oge na-adịghị anya, ahụhụ microscopic nwere ike ibute ubi vaịn nsogbu na-enweghị atụ. Rootdị mkpọrọgwụ ya na-emebi ihe karịsịa. N'ịbụ nke pụtara n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Europe, nsogbu kachasị njọ phylloxera nke 60s nke narị afọ XX dakwasịrị ndị na-emepụta mmanya vaịn. Ọtụtụ ndị na-a Frenchụ mmanya mmanya French, ji ndụ mee ihe, na-echeghị ọnwụ nke ubi vaịn kpamkpam.

Akwukwo nkpuru osisi phylloxera metụtara.

Phyloxera na-emebi akụkụ dị n'elu ala na n'okpuruala nke osisi vaịn. Emerụ emerụ dị iche iche bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ maka na ụfọdụ okirikiri mmepe ahụ, n'oge oyi aphids na akụkụ dị ala nke ọdịbendị, gụnyere mgbọrọgwụ. Na-eri nri larvae nke mgbọrọgwụ phylloxera, a chọrọ oghere maka ije. Ya mere, ụdị phylloxera na-aba ụba ngwa ngwa na mgbọrọgwụ nke osisi vaịn, na-akọ na mbara ala na-agba ume. Obere mmiri, ikuku na-eme ka mmiri na ikuku adịghị mma maka aphids mgbọrọgwụ. Ọ dịghị ebido na mkpọrọgwụ ubi vaịn a kụrụ n'ájá ájá.

Hatching larvae arapara na mgbọrọgwụ, dupuo na integumentary oyi akwa ma inupụta osisi ihe ọ .ụ .ụ. Nwaanyị nke aphid mgbọrọgwụ ụdị n'oge na-eto eto Nleta 6-9 ọgbọ, ayak ruo 400 nsị oge ọ bụla. Ọkpụkpụ ụrọ, n'okpuru mmetụta nke mmiri enzymes phylloxera, ọnya, oke nwere ka etolite etolite, ebe nje ala na fungi banye. Usoro ntụgharị bidoro. Ka afọ 4-5 gachara, ohia nwụrụ.

Mkpụrụ vaịn Phyloxera, ma ọ bụ Aphid Ravager na mgbọrọgwụ nke mkpụrụ vaịn. © Joachim Schmid

Leafdị akwukwo nke aphids na-emebi oke ubi, ubi a kụrụ ya na ubi-vine, na-edozi tumadi na akwukwo ya na ome. Mgbe a na-emetụta akwụkwọ nke mkpụrụ vaịn, a na-akpụ galls (ọzịza) na underside, nke aphid larvae tobe. Oke okike nke aphids pụtara na August - Septemba. N'ihe banyere usoro nke enweghị nchedo, aphid na-enwe ike belata ihe ọkụkụ na mkpụrụ vaịn site na 20-30%.

Tozọ iji chebe megide phylloxera

Ihe mgbochi nchebe bụ ịzụta ihe ọkụkụ nke naanị ụdị zoned, ma anyadokwa naanị na osisi phylloxera. Zụta n'aka ndị na-azụ ahịa amaghi na ahịa nwa oge nwere ike ime ka phylloxera butere bushes greepu ahihia.

Site na ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi onwe ya, a ga-ahụrịrị ihe ọcha niile chọrọ mgbe ha na-agba ọgwụ mgbochi. A na-atụle akụrụngwa kachasị mma: Riparia Gluar, Cober 5BB, Riparia x Rupestris 101-14. Usoro mgbọrọgwụ nke ebuka ndị a dị ka usoro aphid abụghị ihe dị na ya. Ọhịa ahụ na-eto ma na-eto eto na-eto eto, na-akpụzi ogologo oge ana-enwe ezigbo uru.

Ihe mepere emepe na akwa akwa na phylloxera larvae. © Joachim Schmid

N'ime nhazi kemịkal maka mpempe akwụkwọ, phylloxera dị irè Fastak, BI-58, Actellik, Confidor, Decis, Alatar, Karate, Inta-Vir na ndị ọzọ, nke a ga-eji ya eme ihe kwekọrọ na ntuziaka. A na-eme ọgwụgwọ izizi nke mbụ n'ime atọ nke May na mmalite nke mmepe 1-2, nke abụọ na nke atọ na ntinye nke akwụkwọ 12-14 na oge ntorobịa, nke atọ na-erughị ọkara nke abụọ nke June. N'ime oge ndị ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa iji chebe megide aphids August, ọ dị mkpa ka ịgbanwee na usoro nchebe site na iji ngwaahịa ndu na-adịghị emerụ ahụ mmadụ na anụmanụ.

N'ime ihe ndu ihe omumu nke otutu ihe di egwu na ogige pesti, Lepidocide, Entobacterin, Fitoverm (Aversctin), Iskra-bio, Agravertin, Akarin ka akwadoro. A na-ahapụ iji ihe ndị dị ndụ mee ruo mmalite nke ịmị mkpụrụ.

Mkpụrụ osisi greepu

Mkpụrụ vaịn mkpụrụ vaịn ma ọ bụ mmetụta mite bụ ahụhụ a na-ahụkarị nke ubi vaịn. A na-akpọ pesti ahụ mite mpekere maka etolite n'akụkụ ala nke mpempe olulu kpuchie mkpuchi mkpuchi na-acha ọcha nke yiri ya. A na - ahụ ọnya na - apụta n'akụkụ elu nke akwukwo - ebe obibi nke akọrọ.

N'elu elu akwukwo dika Grape Itch mebiri, ma ọ bụ Felt Mite. Olf Rolf Gebhardt

Na itching overwinter na isi nke akụrụ ma ọ bụ n'okpuru elu integumentary akpịrịkpa. Site na mmalite nke ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na mmalite nke uto osisi, itch na-akpali ndị buds na epupụta. N'oge ọkọlọtọ, a na-emegharị ya site na ọgbọ 10-12. A na-emetụtakarị ngwakọ. N'ihi mbibi nke ọgịrị amị, a na - akpaghasị photosynthesis. Epupụta atụgharị aja aja ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara. Nri nke nkpuru vaịn emebibeghị site na itching, yabụ, usoro nchekwa niile na-ebu tumadi tupu okooko.

Nri akwukwo nke Grape Itch mebiri, ma obu Felt Mite mebiri. Olf Rolf Gebhardt

Usoro mgbochi itch

A na-ebu ụzọ ọgwụgwọ izizi tupu ịmị, site na spraying na nitrafen. A na-akwadebe ihe ngwọta ya na ọnụego 200 g nke ọgwụ kwa 10 lita mmiri. Mgbe akụrụ ukwu akụrụ gasịrị, mmadụ nwere ike iji sọlfọ na - eji ahịhịa eme ihe ma ọ bụ kwadebe ihe ngwọta site na ngwakọta nke 100 g nke colloidal na 60 g nke sọlfọ mgbochi mmiri na 10 l nke mmiri ma jiri nlezianya fesa ahịhịa ndị ahụ. Productskwanyere kemịkal na kemịkal na osisi maka ahịhịa phylloxera ga-eme ka ahụhụ ndị ọzọ na-a withụ ọnụ mebie ụmụ ahụhụ ndị ọzọ n'otu oge.

Spider mite

Mgbe akwụkwọ ya tolitere, ụdị nnụnnụ ndị ọzọ na-esonye na okoko - ududo ududo. Tinye akuko nwanyi n'oge trellis, n'okpuru ahihia ochie nke osisi vaịn. Dika okpomoku na adi elu +20 - + 25ºС, ndi nwanyi na aru ike karie n’azu umuaka, ebe ha no n’elu ala. N’oge ọkọchị, ha na-enye ihe dị ka ọgbọ iri na abụọ, na-atụnye oge ọ bụla ruo otu narị. Akwụkwọ ndị mebiri emebi na-enwetakwa agba aja aja n'oge oge, dị ka mite nwere mmetụta. Mana ududo na-amalite ọrụ ya na-emebi emebi na akwara nke akwụkwọ: etiti na akụkụ. N'ime mmiri ọ theụ offụ ya kpamkpam, ọ na-eme ka akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ belata ya na veins, akwụkwọ ahụ na-eji aja aja na-acha aja aja. Uto nke Ome mbelata, nke tomato ida arụpụtaghị na mma.

Osisi ududo na-emetụta. Olllli

Spider mite akara jikoro

Usoro nchịkwa gụnyere ịgbanye na 3% nke ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ sọlfọ ọla tupu agbaze (ekwekọ na ọgwụgwọ megide ọrịa). N’oge ọkọchị, ha na-eji otu ọgwụ eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ dịka ọ na-emegide itch. Ke adianade do, ke riping frasi nke tomato, sọlfọ pollination nwere ike rụrụ. Mgbe pollination otu ụbọchị, ọ ga-ekwe omume iwe ihe ubi. Otu ọgwụ ahụ na-eme na mpe mpe akwa dị ka nke a na-efe efe n'elu. Yabụ na otu ọgwụgwọ ị nwere ike ibibi ọtụtụ ụdị ị pestsụ ahụhụ.

Akwukwo akwukwo

Leafworms na-emebi ifuru, ifuru na mkpụrụ vaịn. E kewara ha n'ime ụdị atọ: ụyọkọ, biennial na greepu. Mkpesa mkpụrụ vaịn tumadi na-emebi akụkụ nke ahịhịa, yana biennial na ụyọkọ - inflorescences, ụmụ na-eto eto na mkpụrụ osisi tomato.

Usoro Nchedo Leafworm

Nhazi njikwa amalite na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi. A na-ekpochapụ aka uwe perennial na shtamb nke bushes site na mkpo ahịhịa ochie. Leafworms oyi ebe ahụ. A na-agbaze ihe mkpofu niile. Mgbe ikuku ikuku rutere +12 - +15 ºС, afọ mbụ nke nru ube na-agafe, nke a na-etinye ya na ome mgbe ụbọchị 10-12 gachara. Mgbe izu 1.0-1.5 gachara, nnukwu mmiri na-adọwa akwa site na akwa. Caterpillars pupate. Uzo mmeri nke agba nke abuo na-aputa site na koko, bu ndi akwa ha. Mgbe ihe dị ka izu abụọ gasị, ụmụ aka nke abụọ nọ na-akpa nkata. N'oge a, a na-emeghachi ọgwụ spraying. A na-eji ọgwụ ịgba mmiri, a na-eji kemịkal BI-58, yana ọgwụ niile ejiri ọgwụ aphids na akọrọ.

Akpata akwukwo nkpuru osisi grape.

Otutu nkpuru-vine nke nkpuru akwukwo gbara aji abuo. Ny Fanny Vogelweith

Mpempe akwụkwọ na-acha uhie uhie nke otu mpempe akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ na-emetụta. Ny Fanny Vogelweith

Mgbe iwechasịchara, a na-efesa bushes ahụ na 2% mmiri Bordeaux maka ebumnuche prophylactic, na mgbe akwụkwọ ya dara, ahịhịa ọka na ájá dị n'okpuru ha bụ ọla kọpa 3% ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa. N'oge ọkọride, ọ dị mkpa ịgbanwe nhazi mgbe ị na-edozi ubi vaịn, yabụ na ịgaghị eme ihe maka ihe mejupụtara. Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya karịa iji ngwakọta tank maka ịgba, ijikọta ọgwụ ọjọọ megide ọrịa na nje, nke ga-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ọgwụgwọ maka osisi vaịn.