Adiantum, adiant (Latin Adiantum) - mkpụrụ osisi ferns sitere na ezinụlọ Pteris, nwere ihe karịrị ụdị narị osisi 200. Isi mmalite aha ahụ bụ Grik na pụtara “osisi anaghị egbochi mmiri” (site na urughuru “a” nke pụtara “ọ bụghị” na okwu ịsụ mmiri, ịsụ mmiri). Ma ndị maara banyere ihe ọkụkụ a nwere ike ikwu n'eziokwu na ọ na-anọgide na-akọrọ, n'agbanyeghị ihe iru mmiri dị gburugburu.
N'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya, fern anụ nkụ ahụ dị n'okirikiri nwere ebe okpomọkụ na Andes nke South America na East Asia. Osisi a hụrụ n'anya idozi n'akụkụ osimiri, na mmiri iyi, ebe ụwa dị n'oké mmiri dị oke mmiri.
A kpọtụrụ Adiantum fern n ’akwụkwọ nke nnukwu onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme Pliny nke Okenye, onye hụrụ osisi a n’ime akwụkwọ ahụ bụ Natural History. Nke a bụ ụdị fern na-ewu ewu na nke a na-ahụkarị na azụmahịa griin haus. O nweghi ihe ozo o choro n’etiti ndi mmadu n’enwe etolite dika nkpuru osisi. Adiantum abụghị naanị na ọdịdị mara mma, kamakwa ọ bara uru, enwere ike iji ya maka ọgwụ, nke a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe bara uru okpukpu abụọ.
Nkọwa nke osisi adiantum na foto
Adiantum: nlekọta ụlọ dị mfe
Ifuru adiantum bu nkpuru osisi herbaceous nke nkpuru ya nke ahihia di warawara ma kpuchie ya, dika akpukpo ahiri kpuchie nke ozo. Nhazi nke akwukwo nwere ike ibu ma obu nke ozo, petioles bu oji, nke onwunwu, kpuchie ya na akpukpo ukwu. Ogologo ha bụ sentimita iri abụọ na ise.
Akwụkwọ ahụ n'onwe ya bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ma eleghị anya nwere isi awọ. Afere ahụ sara mbara, dịkwa larịị, na-agbasa. Ọdịdị nke agba nwere ike ịdị iche iche. Enwere trapezoidal, wedge yiri na obovate ọcha, nke nwere ụdị nkuzi na petiole. Kpa oke nwere ụdị dị larịị, okirikiri na ụdị buru ibu dị na veins nke dị n'okpuru akụkụ nke akụkụ niile.
A na-akọpụta Adiantum na ọhịa. Dịka iwu, nke a bụ adiantum nwere nkwụsị. Maka itolite n'ime ụlọ ahụ, ha na-eji “venus ntutu”, adiantum nke Ruddy, siri ike, transperent na ụdị ndị ọzọ.
Ilekọta Adiantum n’ụlọ nwere foto
Foto nlekọta ụlọ Adiantum
Na fern a, dị ka ndị ọzọ, anaghị enwe mmasị ịnọ n'anyanwụ. A gha etolite ya na ndo ele mmadụ anya n’ihu, nke pụtara na ebe ihe ịga nke ọma maka ihe ọkụkụ ahụ ga-abụ windill nke dị n’ebe ugwu ma ọ bụ n’ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ebe dị n’azụ ụlọ ahụ. Ma ọ bụghị ya, a ga-ahụ ọnwụ nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
- Adiantum fern anaghị anabata ịkụkọ n'ime ụlọ mechiri emechi, n'ihi na ọ chọrọ ikuku dị mma.
- N'okwu a, ịkwesighi ịhazi usoro, ma ọ bụghị ya, anụ ụlọ gị ga-anwụ.
- Ekwela ka uzuzu kpokọtara n’ime ụlọ ahụ, yabụ ịkwesịrị iji mmiri na-ehicha ụlọ ahụ mgbe niile, na-eme ka ụlọ ahụ kpoo.
A na - enwe ntutu isi Venerein site na ọnụnọ nke ihe ọ bụla na - emebi emebi na ikuku. Nke a pụtara na ọ naghị anabata anwụrụ anwụrụ ọkụ, ọ ga-eto nke ọma na kichin. Iji mee ka Adiantum fern wee too nke ọma, ọ dị ya mkpa iji hụ na ọ nwere oke ụlọ dị mma, nke na-agaghị akarị 22 ºC na 15 inC n'oge oyi.
- Achịcha nwere fern kwesịrị ịdị n'otu ebe, ebe ọ na-anabataghị mmegharị.
- Iji mee ka ọnọdụ nke osisi dịkwuo mma n'oge ọkọchị, a na-agbasa ya na mmiri ọkụ kwa ụbọchị.
- N'oge oyi, a naghị eme usoro ndị ahụ, n'ihi na nke a nwere ike imetụta mmepe.
N'oge opupu ihe ubi na ọkọchị, ha na-ebu nri mmiri ara ehi emertụ ahụ iji mee nri ahụ, na -ebelata ịta ahụ gosiri na ntuziaka site na ọkara. A na-etinye fatịlaịza nri karịa otu ugboro kwa izu atọ, ebe ewezuga mgbakwasa akwa n'oge oyi.
Ka fern wee nwee ọmarịcha ọdịdị, n'oge opupu ihe ubi, ha na-ewepụ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ọrịa. Usoro a ga-aba uru maka ihe ọkụkụ ahụ, ebe ọ na-eme ka e nwee akwụkwọ ọhụrụ. Ozugbo ewepụrụ akwa ochie ahụ, a na-agba mmiri ahụ adiantum mmiri ma fesa ya n'ụba.
Eringgbara Adiantum
Nlekọta ụlọ Adiantum
Otu n'ime usoro nke usoro ihe ịga nke ọma nke ịkụ ọka bụ nke a na-agba mmiri ugboro ugboro. Ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na ụgbụ apịtị adịghị ada, ma ọ bụghị ọnwụ nke akwụkwọ na ngalaba nke rhizome, ma osisi ahụ dum ga-amalite. N'aka nke ya, oke mmiri ga - amalite site na nkụ, nke ga - ebute ọnwụ.
Gịnị ga-eme iji zere ọnwụ nke fern ruru na-ezighị ezi mmiri? Iji hụ na mmiri kwesịrị ịdị, a na-etinye ite ahụ n’ime mmiri nwere mmiri ọkụ (iche, maka nke a, a na-akwadebe mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ) wee mee ka ala dum jupụta. Ihe akaebe nke a bụ mmiri jupụtara na mbara ala.
Mgbe ahụ, a na-ebugharị ite ahụ na fern na efere mmiri, ka mmiri wee gbanye ya, kpochapụ ala ma tinye na windill. Ma n’oge oyi na udu mmiri, a na-enye ha mmiri otu ahụ, mana n’oge oyi, ọnụọgụ mmiri ga-ebelata.
Mgbanwe Adiantum
Photo adiantum ifuru
Osisi kacha mma toro na obere ite, dị ka ọ na-ahọrọ igwe mmadụ. A na-atụgharị ntutu ntutu Veneren karịa otu ugboro kwa afọ atọ naanị mgbe mgbọrọgwụ gbachapụrụ. N'ime otu oge mgbe akabeghị ntụgharị, a na-edochi oghere izizi nke 5-7 cm mbụ.
- A na-ahọrọ ite maka adiantum osisi, saa mbara, ị nwere ike ịhọrọ seramiiki, ọ bụghị mkpuchi. A ga-enwerịrị oghere ọkpọkọ ga-ezu. Nke a bụ n'ihi ọnụnọ nke nnukwu usoro mgbọrọgwụ.
Bido ala nke adiantum site na ịwụnye nnukwu pọpụ mmiri na ala. Ha mejuputara ite ajuputara n'ala. A na-ahọrọ ngwakọta acidic pụrụ iche jupụta na humus. Ngwakọta kachasị mma ga-abụ: ala mpempe akwụkwọ na peat (1: 2). A na-awụpụ akụkụ nke ala ahụ na mpaghara mmiri ahụ, mgbe ahụ, a na-etinye osisi ahụ n'ime ite ọhụụ site na ntinye aka, na-agbakwunye ihe ndị ọzọ nke ala ahụ, na-achịkwa na enweghị oghere efu. N'okwu a, ala anaghị emekọ ihe ọnụ, ebe ọ bụ na mkpụrụ rere ihe ga-adị mma maka adiantum.
Ọrịa Adiantum na ọtụtụ ụmụ ahụhụ
Ime ụlọ Adiantum
Nke a fern nwere eke chemical na-echebe. Akwụkwọ ya nwere ọgwụ ndị na-egbochi mwakpo nke ụmụ ahụhụ. Ma usoro nke ha anaghị arụ ọrụ oge niile, n'ihi na ọtụtụ ụmụ ahụhụ na-eme ngwa ngwa n'ụzọ ọ bụla. Karịsịa, ụmụ ahụhụ, ihe mealybugs, aphids, na ụmụ oke udide na-eme ka ọ dịrị ọtụtụ ntụtụ.
Ha ji ọta na mmanya. Iji mee nke a, a na-agbanye mkpanaka ntị na ya, a na-agwọkwa ọrịa ndị ọzọ na nje. Iji zere aphids, a na-eji ncha ncha nke ehichachaa akwụkwọ ya, ma jirizie mmiri were sachapụ ihe ya. Nwekwara ike iji ngwa ahụ gwọọ osisi a dịka:
- Actellik;
- Decis;
- Inta-Vir;
- Biotlin;
- Derris
- Antitlin;
- Fitoverm.
Antitlin, Fitoverm na Biotlin na-ewepụkwa mealybug nke ọma. Maka mgba ya, ha ka na-eji Aktaru, Mospilan, Confidant na Confidor. Iji kpochapu udide udide, a na-eji Fitoverm na Actellik.
Fungal, viral na ọrịa ndị ọzọ adịghị adabara adiantum, mana mgbe ụfọdụ, osisi ahụ nwere ike tufuo ọdịdị ya mara mma n'ihi nlekọta na-adịghị mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-ezughị mmiri, n'ọnụ nke akwụkwọ na-akpọ nkụ na agba aja aja. Ma ọ bụrụ na fern kpamkpam gọọ ụtọ, ị kwesịrị iji mmiri fesaa ikuku ma bido ime nke a mgbe niile, ebe ụlọ na-adị oke nkụ. Ike ọgwụgwụ nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nke fern na-egosi oke ọkụ, yabụ, ekwesịrị ka ebuga ite ahụ gaa ebe gbara ọchịchịrị. Ọ bụrụ na akwụkwọ curl, mana adịghị agba aja aja, mgbe ahụ ụlọ ahụ dị oke oyi ma na iru mmiri.
Ngwongwo bara uru nke adiantum
Foto ifuru Adiantum na nkọwa ya
Fern green nwere ihe ndi a na - eso ihe ndi ozo.
- flavonoids;
- steroid;
- triterpenoids;
- mmanụ dị mkpa;
- phenol carboxylic acid;
- lipids, wdg.
N'ihi ihe mejupụtara ya, a na-eji adiantum eme ihe na ọgwụ na Western Europe. Na ndabere ya infusions, syrups, powders, extracts are made. Yabụ, ihe mmụpụta nke fern nwere mmetụta antibacterial, na sirop na-akpali atụmanya ma na-ebelata okpomọkụ.
- Site na nke a, a na-eji adiantum arụ ọrụ iji lụsoo ọrịa dị iche iche nke akụkụ okuku ume, akwara, na ọnya.
- N’agha, a na-eji ihe ọ plantụ plantụ osisi eme ihe n’ụdị lotions na mkpakọ maka ụta anụmanụ (maka ịpụpụ), ọnụnọ nke ọnya na-adịghị agwọ ahụ ogologo oge. Omenala ọdịnala jikwa adiantum gwọọ ịhoụ mmanya.
Ojiji nke adiantum dị mkpa dịkwa mkpa. Site na ya mee ihe ịchọ mma ma ọ bụ ihe ọ juiceụ juiceụ, nke a na-agbakwunye na mmiri. Site na iji otu ngwaọrụ iji sachaa ntutu, ị nwere ike iwepu dandruff na ọbụna gwọọ ụfọdụ ọrịa anụ ahụ na-adịghị ala ala.
Mmeputakwa Adiantum
Adiantum Fern
Enwere ụdị abụọ nke mgbasa nke adiantum: nkewa nke ọhịa na mgbasa site na mkpụrụ (ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ). Ka anyị tụlekwuo ha nke ọma:
1. Nkewa Bush. A na-eme ụdị mmezi a n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbe ịkpụgharị ntutu. A napụrụ ya ite ochie ahụ wee jiri mma dị nkọ kewaa ya. A na-ekpocha ebe dị iche iche nke ichebe unyi, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-akụ akụkụ nke rhizome n'ime ite ọhụụ. Maka ntụgharị, ọ bụ naanị ihe ọkụkụ nke nwere ọtụtụ uto ka ahọpụtara, ma ọ bụghị ya, adiantum ga-anwụ n'oge ntụgharị.
Ikwesighi ichegbu onwe gi mgbe adiantum ogologo oge egosighi ihe iriba ama nke uto mgbe itesiri - nka bu ihe kwesiri. Tupu i kewaa rhizome ahụ, ụrọ a ga-agharịrị akọrọ. Mgbe ị na-akụ ihe ọkụkụ ọhụrụ n’ime ala, ha na-ahụ na ogwe mkpọrọgwụ ya adịghị n’ime mmiri iji zere ịgbaji akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
2. Spre na-agbasa. Adiantum na-eto nke ọma site na iji spores. Maka uto ha, a na-ahọrọ ite nke obere omimi, nke juputara na ngwakọta nke peat, ájá na ala mpempe akwụkwọ na 2: 1: 1. Tupu ojiji a na-awụsa mmiri na mmiri esi esi na-agbaze ya. Ozugbo usoro ahụ gasịrị ala ahụ, a na-akụ mkpụrụ dị elu ya nke nwere iko.
- Germinate spores n'ime ụlọ dị ọkụ. Adiantum ga - apụta ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụrụ na ite dị ọkụ site n'okpuru ruo 21 ºC. Oge ntanetị bụ izu 1-10.
Ozugbo obere osisi pụtara n’elu elu, a na-ewepụ iko ahụ, a na-etinye ite ahụ n’ebe a na-enwu gbaa ebe ìhè anyanwụ na-adịghị ada. Mgbe obere oge gachara, mkpụrụ osisi ahụ amaba. na-akụ ha na mpempe 2-3 n'ime obere ite peat.
Ofdị Adiantum
Adiantum Venus ntutu
Adiantum Venus ntutu (Adiantum capillus-veneris). Enwere ike ịchọta ebe a na-emeghe oghere na Crimea, Caucasus, na Central Asia. Ebe ahịhịa na-amasịkarị ya bụ ala nzu nzu n’akụkụ isi iyi nke mmiri. Osisi ahụ bụ nke dị mkpa site na obere rhizomes ojii, o wee nweta aha ya n'ihi akwụkwọ ya ji mara ya. Ha dị ezigbo mkpa, na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nwere okirikiri, dị na petiole centimita 25 dị ogologo. Nke a bụ ahịhịa ụlọ kachasị ewu ewu site na adiantum.
Adiantum ukwu nwere ụdị imbricatum Adiantum pedatum imbricatum
Adiantum pusiform (Adiantum pedatum). Lookdị mara mma kachasị mara mma na ferns. O bi na oke ohia nke North America na East Asia. Individualsfọdụ ndị mmadụ na osisi tolitere 60 cm n'ogo. Akụkụ ahịhịa na-adị larịị, nke na-egbu maramara, nke dị n'otu akụkụ, ìhè na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na agba. Doo pinnate, na he na n'akụkụ, ọdụ na obere mkpa petioles n'ụzọ. Adiantum a na-adị ndụ ọbụlagịgị n’ịgọnụ oyi (ruo-35 ºC), yabụ enwere ike kụọ ya n’ala a ghere eghe.
A na-egosiputa umu anumanu ahu na umu ndi a:
- Compactum bụ obere obere osisi nke ruru 35 cm;
- Imbricatum - ahịhịa dwarf karịrị 15 cm to ogologo;
- Yaponikum bụ ụdị adiantum kachasị ukwuu, nke bụ cm 45 cm na obosara nke 30 cm. Ome ya na-eto eto nwere ọla kọpa-pink, nke na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ka ha na-etolite;
- Aleutikum bụ obere adiantum nke nwere 10cm na obosara nke ruru cm 20. Ezigbo maka itolite n’ime ite, ebe ọ na-egbochi ikpughe anyanwụ.
Adiantum dị nro Adiantum Tenerum Sexy Pink
Adiantum dị nro (Adiantum tenerum). A na-akpọkwa ya pink adiantum. Nke a fern na-etolite na Antilles na ebe okpomọkụ America. Rhizome nke osisi na-akpụ akpụ, dị mkpụmkpụ. Akwụkwọ ya bụ nkuzi atọ, yana ntọala nwere akụkụ ya na akụkụ akụkụ ya sara mbara. Ogologo akwụkwọ ahụ bụ 70 cm (ewepu petiole, ogologo ya bụ 30 cm ọzọ), obosara ya bụ 50 cm.
Ndi iche a toro:
- Farleiens - nwere ahịhịa na-adọrọ adọrọ mara mma.
- Scootum Roseum bụ ihe ama ama maka akwụkwọ osisi na-eto eto mara mma nke na-agbanwe na ndo si pink gaa akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
Adiantum ntutu isi nwere ntutu-isi
Adiantum emighị emi (Adiantum hispidulum). Nke a bụ onye nnọchianya nke sauna Africa nke toro n'ugwu dị na oke nwere oke snow. A na - achọta ya na Australia na New Zealand, India, na Madagascar. Osisi ahụ nwere obere akwụkwọ osisi na-akpụ akpụ na obere akwụkwọ (15-25 cm) nke ụdị lanceolate-dissected, na-eto na ogologo petioles (ihe dị ka 35 cm) na obere setae. Akwụkwọ nke usoro nke abụọ dị obere (2x0.5 cm), kpuchie ya na bristles, nwere ụdị diamond. Nke a bụ ahịhịa ụlọ na-ewu ewu.
Adiantum Ruddy Adiantum raddianum
Adiantum Ruddy (Adiantum raddianum). A na-akpọkwa ya ihe eji akpụ akpụ. Osisi epiphytic sitere n'oké ọhịa Brazil nke nwere nnukwu akwụkwọ, nke ha dị cm 45 cm na obosara ya na cm 25. Akwụkwọ nke fern a na-agba ezigbo mma. Ha nwere ọtụtụ obere akwụkwọ ọdụ n'obere ojii ojii chara acha.
N'ime mmiri ọkụ n'ime ụlọ, a na-eji ụdị ndị a:
- Micropinnulum na Grasillium - nwere obere akwụkwọ osisi, ịdị adị nkịtị nke chọrọ akwa iru mmiri n'ime ụlọ ahụ. Enwere ike ime nke a na florarium.
- Festum na Fritz Loot - ụdị ndị a enweghị nkọwa, na-eguzogide ibi n'ibi n'ime ụlọ.
Adiantum kpara Adiantum caudatum
Adiantum anwụọ (Adiantum caudatum). Akwụkwọ nke fern a dị ogologo (ihe dị ka 60 cm), ya mere, a na-eji osisi ampel mee ya n'ime ahịhịa. Petioles nwere agba aja aja na agba, akwụkwọ na nsọtụ nwere ụmụ. Ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na ụgbụ a osisi a anaghị ata nkụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọ nwere oke nke a.
Adiantum mara mma Adiantum formosum
Adiantum mara mma (Adiantum formosum). Ferns dị elu, nke oke ohia ya ruru 1 m, mana ha nwere rhizome na-emebi emebi. Agba nke mgbọrọgwụ ahụ bụ odo odo-ojii, akwụkwọ ya na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ọtụtụ pinnate, triangular-obovate.
Adiantum adọrọ adọrọ Adiantum venustum
Adiantum maa mma (Adiantum venustum). Ebe uto - Kashmir na Nepal. Ogologo nke akwụkwọ ahụ dị obere, cm 20. Ha dị warara, rụtụrụ aka. Agba nke petioles bụ odo odo-ojii.
Adiantum cuneate (Adiantum cuneatum
Ejiri ụdị edozi adiantum (Adiantum cuneatum). O yiri adiantum mara mma, mana nwere ụdị dị iche iche. Ọ na-etolite na ndịda Brazil.
Adiantum transife Adiantum diapanum
Adiantum transperent (Adiantum diaphanum). Ogo nke osisi ahụ bụ 25-40 cm, akwụkwọ ya dị pinnate ma ọ bụ feathery ugboro abụọ. Epupụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-agwụ ike, petioles dị gịrịgịrị.
Adiantum mpempe akwụkwọ Adiantum Fragrans
Adiantum frafra (Adiantum Fragrans). Ugbo a na-ewu ewu nke na-etolite na Andes. Fern na-etolite ngwa ngwa. A na-amata ya site na akwukwo oval nke agba ndu ocha, na - anọdụ n'obere petioles 10-15 cm.
Adiantum - akara
Ekwenyere na adiantum na-enye ume ọhụrụ ma na-agba ume ndị ahụ nọ n’ime ụlọ ebe ọ na-etolite. Na mgbakwunye, fern a na-akụda mmụọ, na-eme mmadụ ịnabata nsogbu karịa.
