Osisi ukpa siri ike ihe karịrị otu mgbe na-enye ndị njem nchekwa na nri, nke ndị mmadụ na-akpọkarị ha eze nke akụ. Ọmarịcha osisi na-anọchi anya osisi mara mma nke ezinụlọ ukpa na-anọchi anya ya ma bụrụkwa ebe a na-ewu ewu na ndịda mpaghara nke Russian Federation na CIS. Theirlọ ha kụrụ ahịhịa dị iche iche mma ma soro ndị njem na njem dị anya, ụfọdụ ndị nnọchite anya na-etolite na mpaghara ebe a na-ehi ụra nke obodo, na, n'ezie, enwere ebe obibi ọ bụla. Agbanyeghị, mpaghara nkesa walnuts dị naanị na ndịda mpaghara yana mbọ ugboro ugboro iji bulite ọdịbendị na ugwu ruo na ọdịda.
Ma maka ndị hụrụ mkpụrụ na mpaghara ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ oyi, enwere ụzọ mgbapụ. You nwere ike itolite ọ bụghị walnuts, mana mkpụrụ Manchurian, nke nwere otu ụdị ya na mkpụrụ osisi, mana na-egosipụta njiri oyi dị elu. Nri frosts nke dị ogologo 30 ma dị mkpụmkpụ karị adịghị emebi osisi okenye.
Osisi ukpa manchurian. T. Abe LloydManchurian Walnut, ma ọ bụ Dumbey Walnut (Juglans mandshurica) - ụdị osisi na - egbu osisi ma ọ bụ osisi nke ụdị Walnut (Juglans), ezinụlọ Ezinọ (Juglandaceae).
Mpaghara nkesa Manchurian walnut
Uzo a na-ekesa maka ekwo ekwo puru iche nke manchurian dara na Far East, Northern China, na Korea Peninsula. Ọ na-etolitekarị n'okirikiri ọhịa nwere osisi oak-maple, na-ahọrọ gburugburu ya na larch, fir, osisi sida na osisi ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ adọrọ. Ukpa a na-akọ Manchurian na-etolite ma na-akọ ihe ọkụkụ na Islandsvetsky Islands, na Leningrad, Vologda, Moscow na mpaghara ndị ọzọ nke Russia.
Nkọwa ndu ndu nke Manchurian ukpa
Ukpa manchurian n'ọdịdị yiri ukpa, ma enwerekwa atụmatụ dị iche. Okpukpo ahihia bu kwa pinnate siri ike, ma karie nke ukpa, dikwa ogologo rue 1 m, nwere akwukwo nke pere mpe nke 7-19 (10-20 cm), guru ya n’elu onu ya, na mkpuru aka. Mkpụrụ dị na ngalaba nke 2-7 iberibe, nke dị obere karịa nke walnuts, nke nwere shei dị oke okpu, nke oval na-atụ aka otu njedebe. Osisi na-eto eto bụ isi awọ, jọrọ njọ, na-agba ọchịchịrị na afọ wee dị oji. Mgbe ị na-akụ mkpụrụ, ọ na-etolite mkpụrụ mbụ maka afọ nke anọ, yana iji mkpụrụ - maka 7-8. Afọ 20-30 mbụ na-eto ngwa ngwa. Uto a na-eme kwa afọ, ọkachasị na mmalite afọ, ruru 2 mita.
Mkpụrụ nke ukpa Manchurian. Qwert1234 
Nwoke ifuru (catkins) nke manchurian ukpa. Qwert1234 
Flowersmụ nwanyị ifuru nke manchurian walnut. Qwert1234Walnut Manchurian monoecious osisi, na-akpụ iche iche nwoke na nwanyị okooko osisi. Menmụ nwoke n'ụdị ogologo nku ntị ojii na-eto n'otu oge ahụ ka ome mepere. Nwanyị, nke obere brushes pere mpe na-anọchi anya ya. Ikuku na-efe efe. Ugbo pụtara n’April-Mee. Owuwe ihe ubi nke owuwe ihe ubi nke Manchurian na 1-2 n'ime afọ. Na mkpịsị akwụkwọ na-acha odo odo, mkpụrụ osisi ahụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka nchịkọta (afọ iri abụọ nke Septemba).
Àgwà ọma nke manchurian ukpa
- A na-eji kernels nwere ihe karịrị 50% abụba.
- Site na mkpụrụ ndụ ndụ (na mbido June) a na-akwadebe mmiri ara ehi (2-3 cm nha) dị ezigbo ụtọ, jam ọgwụ.
- A na-eji ọgwụ ndị dị n’osisi amị mkpụrụ n'oge mkpụrụ osisi maka ọrịa nke eriri afọ, mmebi nke goms, na mkpo diathesis.
- A na-etinye akwụkwọ ọhụrụ na ọnya iji gbochie ire ere. Ejiri ọgwụgwọ furunlera.
- Iji gwọọ ero ahụ n'ụkwụ (ma ọ bụ ụgbụ ahụ), a na-ata ahịhịa dị ka tii. Mgbe obi jụụchara, a na-edobe ụkwụ n’ụkwụ maka minit 20-30. A na-eme usoro ahụ n'ime ụbọchị 7-10.
- Nchọcha nke akwụkwọ osisi na-eme ka ntutu dịkwuo mma (na-eme ka uto ya pụta, na-alọghachi na-enwu, na-ekpochapụ dandruff).
- Ọ na-asachapụ uzuzu ikuku. Osisi ahụ nwere ọgwụ nje a na-akpọ yuglon (isi nke ayodiin), nke na-egbochi ikuku site na nje.
Manchurian WalnutJiri na ochicho mma nke saịtị
Manchurian ukpa - ruru ịdị elu nke 10-25 m, ka a ma ama maka ebumnuche nke azuokokoosisi kpụrụ na okpueze sara mbara. Na mpaghara ugwu o nwere ike itolite n’azu oke ohia n’otu akaa mia nkpuru nkpuru. Ukpa manchurian bụ ihe ọkụkụ na-eto ngwa ngwa. N'ihi okpueze ya nke akwụkwọ ji achọ mma, mkpụrụ akụ na-adaba na mbara ala ọ bụla. Ọ dị mma n'ịkọ ugbo nke dacha n'oge a kara aka, ma gburugburu ya, na ebe enwere ohere. Akwụkwọ nke ahịhịa na-enye anwụnta na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-agbasasị anwụnta, yabụ na hazel bụ ihe enyemaka dị ebube n'ịmepụta akuku ntụrụndụ. Nke kachasị dị mma site na ihe ịchọ mma ha bụ ahịhịa nkwonkwo na conifers, nke na-achọ ebe ndozi nke nwere ogwe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
Otu esi etolite ukpa Manchurian n’ụlọ
Ukpa manchurian bụ omenaala na-enweghị atụ, ọ bụghị egwu ikuku, kama ọ na-emetụta ụkọ mmiri. Mkpụrụ site na mkpụrụ osisi na njikere seedlings. Nwere ike ịzụta osisi na ụlọ ọrụ azụmaahịa na-ere ihe ọkụkụ. Ọ bụ ekwesighi ịzụta seedlings site random ere.
Mgbasa site na osisi
Mkpụrụ ukpa dị iche iche siri ike ịnagide transplasị. Ya mere, na-ekpebi ịgbasa ọdịbendị n'ụzọ ahịhịa - ịkọ mkpụrụ, ị kwesịrị ịhọrọ ebe kwesịrị ekwesị ozugbo. Mkpụrụ bụ kụrụ na-eto na-emeghe isi ha emeghe. Ya mere, o kwesiri ibu ebe anwu anwu, nke osisi di elu ghapuru ya. Ukpa na-eto nke ọma na ebe dị ala, mana ala ga-eme nri. Nyere usoro ngwuputa miri emi nke nwere nnukwu ogwara esi na ya, a gha aghaghi iku nkpuru site na ulo. Ọ bụrụ na a kụrụ ọtụtụ osisi n'usoro, mgbe ahụ, a na-eme atụmatụ oghere maka seedlings na 10-12 m.
Enwere ike ịme ihe ọkụkụ n'ime Septemba ma ọ bụ Eprel. Anyị na-akwadebe olulu nke nwere omimi dịkarịa ala 80-100 cm na olu ya na sistemụ mkpụrụ. Anyị na-etinye akwa mmiri n'okpuru ala olulu ahụ, nke ị nwere ike iji brik gbajiri agbaji, okwute gbawara agbawa na ihe ndị ọzọ. Anyị na-awunye ala nke na-ekpuchi olulu mmiri na akụkụ nke olulu ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ala nwere nri ma ọ bụ ụrọ jupụtara, anyị na-akwadebe ngwakọta ọdịda. A na-agwakọta akwa ala dị n'elu nke olulu na humus, turf na ájá dị na akụkụ kwekọrọ 4: 2: 2: 1. Tinye 20-40 g / nke superphosphate na fatịlaịza fatịlaịza. Kama nke fatịlaịza fatịlaịza, ị nwere ike ịme iko osisi ash. Gwakọta ngwakọta a kwadebere nke ọma.
Manchurian ukpa seedling. Chika OkaSapling (1-2 afọ), nyocha, belata mgbọrọgwụ etiti. Anyị na-etinye n'ime etiti oghere ahụ wee kegide ya ozugbo. Anyị na-emeju mmiri dị n'ime ala, jiri nlezianya kpoo mmiri, ma mgbe ịpịara ya, gbakwunye nke ọzọ nke ala, gwepịa ya na azuokokoosisi. Tinye mmiri mmiri 0,5-1.0 ọzọ. Mulch ala gburugburu akpati na peat, sawdust (bụghị coniferous), tozuru okè compost, mma nwa ehi. Anyị na-ekpo ọkụ saplings maka oge oyi, dị ka n'oge nwata dị obere ndụmọdụ nke alaka nwere ike ifriizi. Iji kpoo ọkụ, anyị na-eji burlap ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-abụghị nke a na-etinye shtamb na obere alaka ma kpuchido ụgbụ ahụ na òké. Anyị gwuo ụgbụ ahụ ma zọchie ya ụkwụ. Ke ini etuep, ke ama ekesidụk snow, nnyịn imesifiak ibet oro mbak udue nte mmọn̄eba m dodinamke ke obube snow.
Mgbasa mkpụrụ
Mgbe ị na-agbasa mkpụrụ, mkpụrụ ọma nke nne ma ọ bụ nna anaghị ebufe n’osisi ọhụrụ. Maka nkpuru site na nkpuru, a na-eji mkpụrụ 1-2 afọ. Bido na afọ nke atọ nke nchekwa, mkpụrụ germination belata nke ukwuu. Enwere ike ịgha mkpụrụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi na ụbịa. Plantingkọ oge oyi nke mkpụrụ osisi ukpa dị mma karị. Na nke a, stratification adịghị mkpa na seedlings na-apụta ọtụtụ oge tupu oge opupu ihe ubi.
Iji kọọ mkpụrụ osisi hazel, anyị na-ahọrọ ebe ahịhịa na-agba nke ọma, na-agba ya mmiri nke ọma, ma na-akọ ubi. Ukpa anaghị anabata sọlfọ acidic, yabụ anyị na-etinye iko nkụ 2-3 nke ash kwa 1 sq. Km. m gwuo omimi nke cm cm 6. Anyị na-eme oghere nke 6,5 cm miri emi n’ebe dị anya nke cm 8 cm A na-etinye mkpụrụ akụ bupụtara n’osisi site na ụmụ oke na nnukwu òké ndị ọzọ ma tinye ha n’oghere na ọgịrịga. Anyị na-ejupụta ya na ala na mulch n'elu ya na ihe ọ bụla iji chekwaa mmiri. N'ịnọ n'ọnọdụ nke eke, mkpụrụ nke aku na-amị akpụrụ akpụ na Ome ya siri ike na-apụta n'oge opupu ihe ubi.
Ome nke seedlings nwere ike ozugbo transplanted ka a mgbe nile, tupu pinching Central isi mgbọrọgwụ. Can nwere ike ịhapụ ya n'ọnwa mbụ wee kụọ ya n'ọdachi n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, na-echefubeghị imebi mgbọrọgwụ etiti. Ọrụ a na-akpali uto nke ọdịbendị. Na-akụ mkpụrụ akụ amịghị ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ, ị ga-ekpebi ebe ọ ga-adịgide.
Nlekọta Manchurian
Mgbe ị na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi ma ọ bụ seedling nke mebere kpamkpam, gbalịa idobe ọnọdụ mbụ nke ihe ọkụkụ na-eto eto n'akụkụ akụkụ nke ụwa, nke ga-eme ka ọ gbanye mkpọrọgwụ ngwa ngwa. Ukpa bụ mmiri na-ahụ n'anya ma yabụ na afọ mbụ a ga-eme ka ala kọọ mmiri. Anyị na-agba mmiri ugboro abụọ 2-3 kwa ọnwa, na-enweghị ejupụta ala. N'ime afọ 2-3, anyị na-ebelata ugboro ole ịgba mmiri ruo ugboro 5-7, ma n'afọ ndị sochirinụ, anyị na-agba mmiri n'oge ọkọchị 1 oge kwa ọnwa. Mgbe mmiri gachara, a ga-atọpụ ala, ebe ọ na-ebibi ahịhịa, na mulch. N'ime afọ nke anọ, osisi ahụ na-eto ma nwee ike inye mkpụrụ mbụ.
N'ime oge a niile, ilekọta osisi na-eto eto gụnyere ịmị nri site na fatịlaịza potassium-potassium, nke etinyere otu ugbo ka ọ ka mma n’oge mkpụrụ osisi (June). You nwere ike inye nri naanị superphosphate, mana jide n'aka na ịgbakwunye otu iko osisi ash, nke nwere nnukwu set nke nnukwu na microelements dị mkpa maka mmepe omenala ha. E kwesịrị igbutu osisi kwa afọ na mpụga okpueze. Osisi tozuru oke anabataghị ụkọ mmiri dị mkpirikpi na ide mmiri nwa oge. Iji chebe osisi na-eto eto site na ntachu, echefukwala mgbe niile na-acha ọcha na ogwe osisi nke nwere ncha ahụ na mgbakwunye nke ụrọ na nrapado. N'okpuru teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo, osisi na ọ bụ ọrịa emetụtaghị osisi.
Osisi Manchurian na-eto eto. Sirpa TähkämöGuzobe okpueze
Ingkwacha okpueze na oge dị elu bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ndị dị mkpa maka ukpa. Na ụkpụrụ, ukpa Manchurian adịghị mkpa ijiji okpueze wuru awuru. Ọ na-akpụ onwe ya. N'okwu a, ọ bụ naanị ịkwado idebe ihe ọcha ga-eme n'oge mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi ma ọ bụ n'oge ọnụnọ oyi, na-ebipụ akpọnwụ, akụkụ na-eto n'ime alaka ahụ. Ma mgbe ito n’ime obere mpaghara, ịchọrọ ntinye aka nke onye nwe ya. Nke a bụ n'ihi nha ohere dị na saịtị ahụ, ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ na-eto n'akụkụ osisi ukpa.
Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, nguzobe okpueze na-amalite n’afọ nke abụọ nke ndụ aku, a ga -eme ya n’oge ọ bụla n’afọ. Enwere ike ịmepụta ukpa manchurian:
- dị ka osisi na-ama ifuru na obere azuokokoosisi,
- dị ka osisi-gbọmgbọm naanị otu okpueze
- dị ka ohia nke nwere ọtụtụ nnukwu ogwe.
Iji mepụta osisi pịrị apị, obere seedling na-ahapụ otu n'ime ome etiti tozuru etozu, nke a na-adị ka ogwe, ruo 50-80 cm dị elu. Mgbe ahụ, a na-etinye alaka ndị buru ibu dị gburugburu na gburugburu gburugburu okporo osisi n'otu ebe dị anya na ibe ha. Alaka ọkpụkpụ ọ bụla kwesịrị inwe nnukwu akụkụ ọpụpụ na ogwe. Ga - enweta osisi na - acha uhie uhie, nke nwere alaka ọkpụkpụ siri ike, onye na - eduzi etiti na nnukwu mpaghara ndo. A na-ebipụ alaka nke dị n’elu akwara dị n’etiti onye na-eduzi akụkụ ahụ n’akụkụ akụrụ. Okpueze na-egbochi uto ya n’elu, na ịhapụ alaka nke ọkpụkpụ n’akụkụ ya na-eme ka anyanwụ banye n’ime okpueze ahụ.
Osisi ukpa manchurian. © Kor! AnỌ bụrụ n’oghere nke ala ahụ pere mpe ma gharakwa ikwe ka e mepụta otu osisi tojuru etoju, n’ihi nhịahụ nke ụdị osisi ndị ọzọ dị nso, i nwere ike inye osisi ahụ okpueze nwere otu nkwụ. Maka nke a, a na-ahụkarị otu ogwe osisi, nke etoliteworo na oke dịkarịa ala 1.5-2.0 m, wepụ akụrụ niile dị n'akụkụ ya. Nke dị n'elu bụ ngalaba nke ọkpụkpụ, nke na-etolite okpueze na-emeghe emeghe nke anaghị eme ka osisi na-eto eto dị nso. Enwere ike igbutu ya na ụdị nke bọl n'ọtụtụ usoro. Osisi ahụ yiri nkwụ nwere “tassel” nke alaka dị n’elu. A na-enweta ọdịdị nke bọọlụ ahụ site na imebe obere alaka site na 2/3 nke ogologo. N'ebe etiti bọl na-aga n'ihu, a ga-eji nwayọ belata ogologo ka ọ bụrụ 1/3, ma na-agbadata iji ruo n'ogwe okpueze ahụ. Nhọrọ nke abuo putara ihe karie, n'ihi na ogaghi eme ka osisi ghara idi elu.
Ọdịdị ọhịa ahụ dabara adaba mgbe ọ na-akụ gburugburu ogige ahụ. A na-etolite ohia nwere otutu ahihia, alaka ya nke na-amalite 40-50 cm site na ala. Nke a dikwa n ’ọfụma ma ọ bụrụ n’ihi ihe ụfọdụ okpueze ga-anwụ. Ome na-eto eto ga-esite na mkpọrọgwụ ahụ, enwere ike ịgbanwe osisi ahụ, na-enye osisi ọhụrụ ahụ okpueze chọrọ.
