Ọrụ okirikiri. A kwadebere ogige ahụ maka oge na-esote. Oge eruola iji kwadebe maka ọrụ oge opupu ihe ubi, ịgha mkpụrụ na-eto eto, na-agha mkpụrụ mbụ kụrụ na mbara ala, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. N'oge mgbede oyi, n'okpuru oke mmiri ozuzo nke dị na ndịda ma ọ bụ snowfall n'etiti mpaghara na ugwu, ị nwere ike ịme mkpụrụ.
Mkpụrụ osisi.
Dịka iwu, ugbua na ngwụsị mgbụsị akwụkwọ, na ngwụsị nke owuwe ihe ubi niile, ndị bi n'oge ọkọchị na ndị na-elekọta ubi na-achịkọta ndepụta nke ihe ọkụkụ, lelee saịtị ndị a tụrụ aro maka mkpụrụ osisi mkpụrụ osisi ma ọ bụ ngwakọ, ma họrọ ihe ọkụkụ masịrị ha dịka nkọwa ha si kọwaa ma ọ bụ akụkọ nke onye agbata obi ha maka ịzụ na ịgha mkpụrụ. Cheta! Naanị ebe nchekwa dị mma, ihe mkpụrụ ahụ ga - ewepụta ezigbo enyi nke mkpụrụ dị mma. Ya mere, odi nkpa ka ichota onwe gi tupu oghagharia mgbanwe usoro ndu na nkpuru osisi n’oge nchekwa, usoro na ebe nchekwa, ihe omuma aku na uba (germination) nke nkpuru nkpuru ahihia di iche iche. Mmebi nke iwu nchekwa ga - eduga na mbelata nke mkpụrụ osisi, mebie ọrịa dị iche iche yana, n'ihi nke a, enweghị ezigbo mkpụrụ nke ihe dị elu na ụgwọ ọrụ.
Usoro bioche Chemicals na osisi n'oge nchekwa
Nkpuru ahu putara ihe n'etiti nkpuru ndu na nkpuru ndu nke ike itolite. Ogologo ndu bu ihe ndi mmadu ma o bu ihe omimi banyere sayensi, mana onodu aku na uba bu ndi nwere mmasi mgbe nile. Ọ bụ ogologo ndụ akụ na ụba na-ekpebi ọnọdụ mkpụrụ osisi, nke, mgbe a na-emebi ihe ọ na-echekwa, belata nke ọma.
Ihe na-akpata germination ida
A na-ahụta isi ihe kpatara ọnwụ mkpụrụ ga-amụba ka mmiri belata na mmiri na ikuku, yana mmụba nke okpomoku n’ime ụlọ ebe a na-echekwa mkpụrụ.
Osisi dị hygroscopic. Ha na-enwe ike ịmịcha ikuku si na mbara ikuku wee wepụta oke ikuku n'ime gburugburu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ kachasị mma, "iku ume" nke mkpụrụ tolitere (ihe o nyere, ọ were ọtụtụ ihe). Ogo iku ume nke ihe ndi ozo di n’ime ya dabere na njiri mara nkpuru nke nkpuru ahu ma kpebisie ike site n’ime ihe di n’ime ya na abuba ndi ozo. Mgbe mmiri mmiri nke mkpụrụ osisi dị n'ime 6-12%, iku ume ha anaghị edozi. Mmụba na iru mmiri nke 1-2% na-abawanye ike nke iku ume nke mkpụrụ na ọnọdụ ha. Usoro mmiri ọgwụ na-amalite, nke na-eduga na ha ejighi ihe akọrọ. N'ihi ya, a na-ebelata germination nke ọma, mkpụrụ na-akpụ akpụ, na-ere ere ma nwụọ, ma ọ bụ belata germination nke ukwuu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na kabeji, mmụba nke mkpụrụ mmiri site na 2% site na kachasị kachasị iku ume iku ume oge 27, yana 4% - site na ugboro 80. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpụrụ ndị ahụ na-amalite itolite ngwa ngwa, ma, n'ezie, na-anwụ. Okpomoku a na - echekwa kacha maka otutu ihe sitere na ezi na ulo nke cruciferous, ugu, na nighthade bu nke a di 10-12 ° C site na iru mmiri di n’ime ulo karighi 60%. Maka ndị nnọchianya nke ezinụlọ nke mesịa, celery, lilac, ugu, ụfọdụ cruciferous na nighthade n'oge nchekwa, na-enweghị ịgbanwe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, obere ikuku dị ala site na 50%. Mkpụrụ ndị a mịrị nke ọma agaghị agacha ma na-akụ ya, ọ na-echebekwa ya nke ọma n'ụlọ mgbe ọ dị okpomọkụ site + 1ºС ruo -5ºС.
Forzọ ichekwa mkpụrụ
A na-echekwa mkpụrụ ma na-emechi.
Na mmeghe oghe a na-echekwa mkpụrụ ahụ maka oge nchekwa niile n'ime akpa na-ebunye ikuku na mmiri nke dị mfe. Ngwunye ndị dị otú a bụ arịa eji akwa eji eme akwa - linen ma ọ bụ jute, sewn na 1-2 n'ígwé (akpa, akpa, akpa, wdg).
Site na usoro emechiri emechi nchekwa (ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị) na-etinye mkpụrụ n'ime akpa mkpuchi. Ike dị nro nwere akwa abụọ. A na-ejikarị akwa elu yana akwa dị n'ime bụ polyethylene. Ọdịda mmiri nke mkpụrụ na polyethylene liners anaghị agafe 6-9%. A na-ejikọ eriri polyethylene na mkpụrụ iji kpuchido ihe mgbochi mmiri, a na-ejikọkwa akwa elu ma ọ bụ jiri ntị dị n'akụkụ.
Igbe Nchekwa Mkpụrụ MkpụrụEbe ị ga-echekwa mkpụrụ n’ụlọ?
N'ụlọ, mkpụrụ na-akachasị mma n'ime akpa mpempe akwụkwọ etinye n'ime akpa plastic ma ọ bụ obere karama. A na-ahapụ mkpụrụ ndị ejirila nke ọma na ngwugwu azụtara, jiri nlezianya kpuchie ma chebe mmiri. Maka nchekwa ha, ọ kacha mma ịwụsa obere ntụ ọka, stachi ọka ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-adọrọ mmiri na ala nke iko iko. Debe akpa ndị ahụ achịkwa n’elu ma mechie mkpuchi ahụ.
Ọ kachasị mma ịchekwa mkpụrụ dị na ala nke friji ma ọ bụ n'ime ụlọ dị mma iche. A na-echekwa ụfọdụ mkpụrụ osisi a mịrị amị (dil, fennel, carrots, pasili, letus) na ite mmiri. Na akpa foil akpa, mgbe afọ 1-2 gasịrị, mkpụrụ ndị ahụ na-eme ka ọ gharazie ịta ahụhụ ma tufuo ikike ha nwere ma ọ bụdị nwụọ.
Oge mkpụrụ
Egosipụta nchekwa nchekwa nke mkpụrụ na aha ya, afọ nnakọta, klaasị. Ihe omuma ndi a di nkpa iji nweta umu aka zuru oke, ebe obu na mgbe echekwara ya maka oge akarare, a na-ebelata germination, ma umu obere ogwu nwere oke nke imebi oria na umu anumanu.
Klaasị gosiri na labeelu mara njirimara nke mkpụrụ nke mkpụrụ. Mkpụrụ nke klas nke mbụ nwere ọnụego germination kachasị elu, nke bụ 60-95% n'ihe ọkụkụ dị iche. Mkpụrụ nke klas nke abụọ - 40-85%. Onu ogugu nke germination ga enyere onye oru ugbo aka ikpebi njuputa nke ihe akuku.
Na nchekwa dị mma, mkpụrụ nri na-ejigide mkpụrụ dị elu n'ime oge ndị a:
- Afọ 1-2: celery, chives, parsnips, ọka, eyịm, leeks
- Afọ 2-3: lovage, pasili, dil, akwụkwọ nri, sọrel, liik, coriander,
- Afọ 3-4: salad, karọt, ose dị ụtọ, yabasị ojii, fennel, peas,
- 3-5 afọ: kohlrabi, tonip, beets, kọlịflawa, eggplant,
- Afọ 4-5: tomato, radishes, radishes, rutabaga, kabeeji dị ọcha, broccoli,
- Afọ 4-6: agwa, agwa,
- Afọ 6-8: cucumbers, skwọsh, zukini, egusi, anyụ.
Ndụ nchekwa etu esi ire (akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ) na akwukwo nri anaghị egosi amachi. Maka mkpụrụ ndị a mịrị amị nke ọma, ọdịiche nke okpomọkụ adịghị egwu, mana ọ bụrụ na iru mmiri nke mkpụrụ dị elu karịa nke dị oke egwu, mgbe ahụ na obere okpomọkụ mkpụrụ ga-akpụzi n'ihi mmebi nke rhythm nke iku ume (ha na-enweta ihe ha nwere ike inye) na oge nke germination ga-ebelata nke ukwuu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ kachasị mma, mkpụrụ n'ime oge ahụ akọwapụtara nwere ike idowe germination ọzọ 3-5, na ụfọdụ (tomato) afọ 10.
Ole na ole
Mkpụrụ a zụtara n'oge oyi site na tebụl ga-etinyerịrị friji ozugbo ma ọ bụ hapụ ya na ebe oyi. N'ime ụlọ na-ekpo ọkụ, akpa oyi na-anakọta mkpuchi, nke nwere ike imetụta ọkwa nke mkpụrụ.
Na mpaghara ugwu, ọ ka mma ịzụta mkpụrụ nke ihe ubi nke afọ gara aga. Nke a bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na, n'ihi obere oge ọkọchị, a na-egbute ọka ma na-eto n'ime ụlọ. Ya mere, mkpụrụ ndị a na-egbute nwere obere germination na ike germination (ọbụbụenyi enyi).
N'ebe ndịda, ọdịiche dị na mkpụrụ nke mkpụrụ osisi 1-2 dị afọ bụ ihe a na-ahụghị. Youkwesịrị ị kpoo mkpụrụ ọhụụ ịzụtara tupu ịtọgbọ ha maka nchekwa n'ụlọ n'ụlọ okpomọkụ agaghị elu 30-35 30.
