Echium, ma ọ bụ ọnya (Echium) - bụ onye nnọchi anya ezinụlọ Boraginaceae. Parajuba a na - eme ka ihe karịrị ụdị mkpụrụ osisi 60 na - enwe kwa afọ, biennial na perennial herbaceous, na - agbakarị ahịhịa.
Echiums bụ ihe juru ebe niile na Europe, Western na akụkụ nke East Asia, North na South Africa, n'àgwàetiti Madeira na agwaetiti Canary. Speciesfọdụ ụdị nwere agwaetiti jupụtara na Mediterranean.
N'ụzọ dị iche, mmerụ ọrịa psyllium abụrụla ihe iyi egwu nye ụdị ahịhịa ụmụ amaala na South Africa, United States, na karịsịa Australia, ebe ọ na-adị ngwa ngwa. N'ebe ahụ, e nyere ya aha "ursekọ nkọlọ nke Pọtịnụ."
Ezinaụlọ a bụ onye mbụ bidoro echium n’ubi ya n’afọ 1880, na-elezighi anya na-ahụ etu ihe ọkụkụ si jide ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Ihe ọmụmụ dị iche iche enweghị atụ, ha na-etolite nkwakọba, nza ebe tọgbọrọ chakoo, ụzọ mmiri na-agbagọ, steepụ na ala ahịhịa juru.
Ozi izugbe
Ọkpụkpọ a natara aha Latin maka mmezi ngwa ngwa, sitere na Greek echis - hedgehog. Ọkpụkpụ, ma ọ bụ ọnya nkịtị, na-egosi ụcha nke okooko osisi.
Na Russia, ụdị 5 echiums na-eto. Na mpaghara chernozem nke mpaghara Europe, mmerụ ahụ, ma ọ bụ ụcha (Echium maculatum), dị ogo 30-100 cm, ya na okooko osisi Carmine na-acha pinki pinki dị warara.
N’ebe nile, ewezuga mpaghara a na-abụghị chernozem, ruo Urals na Saịberịa, ọnya nkịtị (Echium vulgare) na - eto - 20-100 cm toro ogologo, na - enwe ọesụ siri ike na azuokokoosisi na akwụkwọ ya.
Ọ bụ ahịhịa na-egbu egbu, mana, n'agbanyeghị nke a, ndị na-eto eto, ọ bụghị nke ya na-achaghị acha ma akwụkwọ ya bụ ihe oriri, dị ka mgbatị. Ejiri ogwu ọdịnala mee ihe, nke a kụrụ dị ka akụ mmanụ a honeyụ, ọ na-enye mmanụ a honeyụ nke mma.
Maka ebumnuche e ji achọ mma, osisi echium plantain, ma ọ bụ okooko osisi gbagọrọ agbagọ (Echium plantagineum), ka akpọrọ aha maka okooko osisi asymmetrical nke toro na osisi site na July rue mbubreyo frosts. Ọ nwere ike toro na kwa afọ, ndịda - na biennial ọdịbendị.
Osisi a dị ogologo 30-60 cm, ma nwee akwụkwọ akwụkwụ na-acha ma na-ete ibe ya. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ dị mfe, dum, oval-oblong, petiolate, ruo 14 cm n'ogologo, mepụta rosette basal, obere, lanceolate, ọzọ na ị ga.
Okooko osisi ahụ na-egosipụta oke, asymmetrical ntakịrị, 2-2.5 cm n’obosara, nke nwere isi, nke kewara ise, na-eji stamens ise na-arapara. Akwụkwọ ya na-acha odo odo na agba, ma mgbe ha na-acha, ha na-emepe okooko osisi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, mgbe ọ na-ada, ha na-enweta mkpụrụ osisi lilac.
Otutu mgbe ana ere, enwere ngwakọta nke osisi nwere acha anụnụ anụnụ, ọcha, pink, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okooko osisi. Ha na-etolite etolite a “ogige” mara mma nke ukwuu.
Ojiji
Na mpaghara Moscow, a na-etolite egwe osisi dị ka kwa afọ. You nwere ike ịgha mkpụrụ ozugbo gaa n’ebe ga-adịgide adịgide nke mkpụrụ 2-3 n’ebe dị anya nke 30 cm, ma ọ bụ ghaa n’ite n’ite iji gbochie imebi ihe na-akpata mgbọrọgwụ n’oge ị na-ahọrọ.
Mkpụrụ ndị ahụ buru oke ibu, yabụ ịgha ahịhịa na akwụghị ike. Osisi ghachara n’ime otu izu. Ọ bụrụ na ị kụrụ ha na March, ị nwere ike nweta blooming seedlings site na mmalite June.
Jiri
Echium bụ otu n'ime osisi ole na ole na-ejikọta ndidi ụkọ mmiri na ịkọwa oke. Dị elu nke ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ anaghị agafe 30-35 cm.
A na-akụ ha dị iche iche na anwụ na-acha, na-emeghe ifuru, na ebe ndị na-agwakọta, na ala. Ekwesịrị ịbịaru ebe ahụ, ya na ala adịghị mma nke ìhè ma ọ bụ usoro mebere igwe.
Osisi a siri ike, nke na-eguzogide mmiri ga-emekwa ka paịlị nke ahịhịa dị n’ogige jupụtara.
Psyllium echium mmanụ dị mma maka iji ya na ụlọ ọrụ ịchọ mma, yana ihe ọzọ maka mmanụ azụ.
Okooko osisi echium na-esi ísì ụtọ na-adọta a beesụ. Agbanyeghị, enwere ihe akaebe na mmanụ a honeyụ ga-eri ya n’uche dị nta, ọ bụghị ihe karịrị ngaji kwa izu, na-echeta nsị nke osisi.
Mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ na echium, ekwesịrị ịkpachara anya iji zere ịkpasu akpukpo ahu aka.
