Ọ bụ ezie na osisi a anaghị ahụkarị n’ubi, anyị nwere ike ịsị na montbrecia na inflorescences ha mara mma bụ ihe ndị mara mma e ji achọ mma maka ogige ifuru-ụbịa ọkọchị. Enwere ike ịkụ ha iche na otu osisi na ifuru ndị ọzọ. Ha mara mma nke ukwuu megide ahịhịa ndụdụ. Bouquets nke montbresia nwere otu osisi asparagus abụọ ma ọ bụ abụọ na-enweghị atụ na ịma mma na ịdị mma ya. Etu esi eto joladioghi ahihia n’ubi a, anyi gha akowa n’isiokwu ahu.
Kriko (montbrecia).
Nkọwa nke osisi
Montbrecia, ma ọ bụ Crocosmia, aha Latin bụ Crocosmia, nke a ma ama bụ na Japanese ụtọ.
Na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa Montbrecia (Crocosmia) sitere na ezinụlọ iris, a maara ụdị 50 nke perennials ndị a dị egwu site na South Africa. Osisi yiri nnọọ ụtọ na miniioli mini, naanị okooko osisi na peduncles na-ama mma karịa. N'ihi na ihe ha na-ewu ewu na-akpọ Japanese Gladiolus. Na floriculture nkịtịMontrebia na ngwakọ ngwakọ - ubi montbreciaenwetara site n’aka onye na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara nri Lemoine n’afọ 1980 n’ihi nsonye nke Montbrecia ọla edo na Montbrecia Potsa.
Ejiri aha Montbrecia, ma ọ bụ Crocosmia mee ihe n'otu oge. Aha nke atọ - a na-ejikarị Tritonia dị obere. Aha Montbrecia (Montbretia) nyere osisi nke aha ya bụ botanist Ernest Cauquer de Montbre, a na-ahụkwa na ọ naghị akwụ ụgwọ. More aha ndi ozoỌrịa afọ sitere n'okwu Grik "krokos" - "crocus" na "osme" - "isi", n'ihi na okooko osisi na-esi isi ka crocus (saffron).
Corm dị na Montbrecia dị obere, kpuchie ya na akwa akwa nke 2-3. A na-anakọta akwụkwọ mkpụkọ xiphoid, 40-60 cm, na rosette nke nwere ụdị fan. Site na corm 1, 3-4 peduncles na-eto. Etu osisi mara mma nwere ike iru 100 cm, nke a kpụrụ akpụ.
Picres inflorescences nwere obere (3-5 cm n'obosara) nke nwere klọọkụ na okirikiri nwere odo oroma-acha ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ odo odo. Ugbo dị ụba ma too ogologo, mgbụsị akwụkwọ ọkọchị - site na July ruo Septemba.
Ihe itolite - nkenke
Ọnọdụ: fotophilous, chọrọ ebe mepere emepe, ma ọ bụghị ya, okooko osisi nwere ike ghara ịpụta.
Ala: prefers humus bara ọgaranya, kama ooh ala. Anabataghị ntụgharị mmiri. A kwadebere ala ahụ ọdịda. Na 1 m2 mee bọket abụọ nke humus, 40 g nke superphosphate, 20 g nke potassium chloride, 100 g nke wayo oroma. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, ha na-enye nri fatịlaịza nitrogen (30 g / m2).
Nlekọta: n’oge ọkọchị, ụbọchị iri ọ bụla, a na-enye ha ọgwụ mullein infusion (1:10) na fatịlaịza ịnweta (2-3 g / l), na-amalite site na ọdịdị nke akwukwo nke abụọ. N'oge etolite etolite, a na-etinye nri fatịlaịza (2 g / l). A na-agba ahịhịa n'ụba ọtụtụ ugboro otu izu ma na-atọghe ala.
Atụmatụ nke nlekọta Montbrecia (Crocosmia)
Na etiti Russia, ụdị umu anumanu dị obere, nke perepebrecia dị obere pere mpe n'okpuru mkpuchi nke nkụ ma ọ bụ nke nwere akwa nke opekata mpe 20 cm nwere ihe nkiri dị n'elu iji kpuchido mmiri ịda mmiri n'oge thaws. Ọzọkwa, Montbrecia riri nri na ala nwere ike karị, na-ebu ya n'isi ma na-eto ogologo karịa. N’ebe ndịda Russia, ọ na-agba n’enweghị ebe mgbaba. Ma, ọ ka mma igwu ala montbrecia varietal nke nwere nnukwu ikuku, yana ebe obibi na ndịda.
Kriko (montbrecia)Ha na-egwu olulu gafee oge o kwere mee - ọ bụrụ na nnukwu ntu oyi emeghi ya, na ọkara nke abụọ nke Ọktọba, ebe ọ bụ na ha tozuru oke na njedebe nke oge. Na ihu igwe kpọrọ nkụ, ha na-amịpụta amịkọ nke nwatakịrị guzobere n'oge ọkọchị, na-awụpụ “ụlọ” dum, belata mkpịsị akwụkwọ ahụ na akwụkwọ ya n'ogo nke 5 cm, wee kpọnwụọ ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị.
A na-efesa corms dị otú ahụ na peat akọrọ, etinye ya na igbe ma ọ bụ akpa akwụkwọ ma debe ya n'ime ụlọ na-enwe okpomọkụ nke + 5-7 Celsius.
Ọdịda Mont Montcia (Crocosmia)
Na Machị, ọnwa tupu ịkọ, a na-ewepụ ihe ọkụkụ ma debe ya ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị n'ime ọnọdụ ụlọ. Mgbe ahụ Montbretia kwadebere maka ịkụ akụ: a na-agbasa “akwụkwụ”, a na-ekewapụ nwa ahụ, mgbọrọgwụ ya na foduru nke akwụkwọ ya na-ewepụ, a na-ewepụ shells akọrọ.
Tupu ịmalite corms na nwa ahụ ruo ọtụtụ awa, jupụta n ’ọkụ 0.1% nke potassiumganganate (potassium permanganate). Na mgbakwunye na mmetụta disinfecting, ọgwụ na-akpali germination nke corms na mkpọrọgwụ mgbọrọgwụ.
Montbreeding wintering n'ime ala na-egwu ala ma kewaa kwa ato n’iile.
Mmegharị nke Montbrecia (Crocosmia)
Osisi ahụ na-agbasa site na corms, ụmụaka na mkpụrụ.
Kwa afọ ihe dị ka ụmụaka 5-6 na-etolite gburugburu otu bọlbụ okenye, nke na-eto oge na-esote afọ. N'otu oge ahụ, nne ya na-aga n'ihu ito ma mụta nwa ọhụrụ, ya mere osisi ahụ na-amụba ngwa ngwa. A na-akụ Montbrecia na ngwụsị Eprel, mgbe ala ahụ dị ọkụ ruo 6-10 Celsius C: nnukwu corms - ruo omimi nke 6 cm (anya dị n'etiti osisi 10-12 cm); nwa - ruo omimi nke 3-5 cm (5-6 cm).
Tupu ịgha mkpụrụ, ị ga - eto n’ime ite wee were obere ala kụọ n’ubi a kụrụ ka ọnwa Mee na June. Aremụaka na-ekewapụ na oge opupu ihe ubi ma jiri ya mee ihe. Osisi mụta nwa mfe. Freshgha mkpụrụ ọgha mkpụrụ buru ụzọ were chọọ mma. Site na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi na-emeghe na ala mechiri emechi, okooko na-apụta n'afọ nke abụọ.
Ọrịa na Ọrịa
Otu ọrịa Montiocia na-emetụta Montbrecia.
Fusarium (gosiputara onwe ya n'uzo di iche iche ma nwee otutu aha: ihichapu, uda nke gladiolus, ire ere nke isi, akpukpo ahihia). Fusarium kacha njirimara nke ịme odo na nsọtụ nke akwụkwọ, nke na-aga n'ihu ma ọ bụ n'oge okooko. Yellowness gbasara n'etiti veins, akwụkwọ ya na-achagharị, na-acha aja aja ma nwụọ. Site na mmeri dị egwu, ihe ọkụkụ ahụ dum takọrọ. Mkpụrụ osisi nke ero na-abanye na arịa nke mgbọrọgwụ na corm. A na-adọka ahịhịa n’ala.
N'ime osisi ndị nwere nje, ụdị, ogo na ụcha ifuru ya na-agbanwe, akwụkwọ na peduncles gbagọrọ agbagọ. Ọ fọrọ obere ka ọ bụrụ na o guzobere nwa ahụ. Ọkpụkpụ ọkụ metụtara emetụta ọchịchịrị, ahunsenwu. Ọtụtụ mgbe, mmeri ahụ na-amalite site na ala. Ma oké ọkọchị na iru mmiri na-akwalite mmepe nke fusarium, akụ na-eme ka mmiri too ogologo ma na-akpata ọgba aghara na teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo.
Ahịhịa, ma ọ bụ jaundice. Na mbufe ọrịa nke Gladiolus, ọrịa ahụ gosipụtara onwe ya na odo nke njedebe nke akwụkwọ, nke na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ agbasa ruo n'ihe ọkụkụ dum. Epupụta ahihia ahihia edo edo, ihe ọkụkụ ahụ nwụrụ n’oge akaghị. Site na ọnya na mgbe e mechara, enweghị akara ngosipụta nke ọrịa a. Ka oge na-agha mkpụrụ, ọtụtụ akụrụ na-apụta na bọlbụ ahụ ike. Mgbe o tochara, a na-akpụ ome ome chlorotic. Ome ndị a anaghị etolite ma nwụọ mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị. Bọlbụ ahụ na-esiwanye ike ma nọrọ n’ime ala ruo ogologo oge na-enweghị ntụpọ.
Ndị na-ebu ọrịa ahụ bụ cicadas. Okpomoku nke oria nke oria aru na otutu 45 Celsius C nke nkeji iri abuo nke 15-20 mebie nje.
Thrips - obere ahụhụ na-ackingụ ara nwere anụ ahụ (ogologo ya bụ 1-1.5 mm). Thrips na-echekwa na gladioli ma n'oge uto ha na mgbe nchekwa. Mgbe ụfọdụ, n'oge okooko, ahịhịa na-emetụta ifuru nke na nke ikpeazụ enweghị ike ifuru. Nnukwu ụmụ ahụhụ na ụmụ ahụhụ, na-ete ụkwara, na-a suụ mmiri ọ juiceụ fromụ site na akwụkwọ, okooko osisi na bulbs.
Mgbe okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru + 12 Celsius C, thrips na-aga n'okpuru mkpuchi akpịrịkpa nke bulbs na oge oyi. A na-ekpuchi ihe ndị nwere mkpụrụ ndụ na-emetụta ihe mkpuchi na mmiri ọ juiceụ inụ n'oge oyi na mummified. Site na mmeri siri ike, ha anaghị apụta.
Medvedka - ahụhụ to 5 cm ogologo nke agba aja aja na agba ocha tinyere akwa mkpuchi chitinous. Medvedka na-emebi mgbọrọgwụ, bulbs na gị. Ọ na-edozi ọtụtụ mgbe na ala ooh, n'akụkụ ọdọ mmiri, na ala peatlands na humus-ọgaranya sọlfọ. Ọ na-eduga n'ụzọ kachasị ebi ndụ nzuzo.
Ndị kpebisiri ike itolite montbrecia ga-eju ndị mmadụ anya na ịdị mma nke ifuru a ga-abụ ndị na-agbaso ya mgbe niile. Ọdịdị nke montbrecia n'ahịa ifuru ga-ewetara ndị hụrụ ya n'anya na ihe mara mma mma.
