Lilac - ncha nke ubi!

Aha a sitere na okwu Grik 'syrinx` - a tube, nke, odi ka odi, negosi otite nke ifuru. Site na ntughari ozo - n'aha nke ichi Siring, chighariri ahihia, bu nke chi ohia mere Pan nke onye ọzụzụ aturu “syrinx”.

Lilac (lat.Syringa) - mkpụrụ osisi nke osisi nke ezinụlọ Olive (lat. Oleaceae). Ndị a gụnyere ihe ruru ụdị osisi iri na-ekesa n'ime ọhịa na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Europe (Hungary, ndị Balkans) na Asia, ọkachasị na China.

Akwụkwọ nke lilac na-adị iche, na-abụkarị nke zuru oke, na-enwekarị oge dị iche iche, na-ada n'oge oyi. Ifuru ahụ na-acha ọcha, lilac ma ọ bụ pink, dị na panicles na-ejedebe alaka. Iko ahụ dị obere, dị mkpụmkpụ, nke nwere mgbịrịgba nwere cloves anọ. Corolla na - ejikarị ogologo cylindrical tube (nke na - adịkarịghị, dịka, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Amur lilac nwere eriri dị mkpụmkpụ) yana akụkụ aka nwere akụkụ anọ. Abam abụọ na-agbakwunye na ọkpọkọ corolla. Ovary one, nke nwere ahihia bifid. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ bụ igbe akụ ọkpọ.

Lidị ahịhịa dị iche iche nwere okooko osisi mara mma, ọ bụ ya mere a na-agbaji ha n'ubi. Karịrị ebe a na-ahụkarị bụ lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.) - osisi dara oké ọnụ, nke siri ezigbo ike, nke na-eto nke ọma na mbara ikuku ma na ndịda na ebe ugwu Europe ma na-eji nnukwu ifuru nke ifuru ya mara mma. Na mgbakwunye na ụdị isi ya na ifuru osisi lilac, ụdị dị iche iche nwere ifuru na-acha ọcha na pink. A na-ejikwa ha maka ịlaghasị na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nke mere na ọ fọrọ obere ka ọ bụrụ oge oyi niile ị nwere ike ifuru okooko osisi Lilac dị ọhụrụ. Thisdị a na-eto n'ọhịa na Balkans. Na mgbakwunye na lilacs nkịtị, mmadụ nwekwara ike ịkọ maka Lilac lilac (Syringa persica L.). na warara, mgbe ụfọdụ, Lilac onye Hungaria (Syringa Josikoe Jacq.) na-adighi nma, nke ala ndi Hariaria; Syringa Emodi Wall. mbụ sitere na Himalayas; Syringa japonica maxim site na Japan. Na China, ọtụtụ ụdị osisi lilac na-eto n'ọhịa. A hụrụ Amur lilac (Syringa amurensis Rupr.) Osimiri Amur dị na Russia.

Nkwadebe maka ọdịda

A na-akụ mkpụrụ osisi Lilac na ịkụ olulu nke na-egwu izu izu 2-3 tupu ịgha mkpụrụ. A na-akụ ahịhịa dị afọ abụọ na anọ nke lilac n'olulu nwere dayameta nke 40-50 cm, na omimi nke 35-45 cm.Ogwe jupụtara na ala ala na-eme nri dị elu, yana mgbakwunye nke humus, obere ntụ ọka, peat ma ọ bụ peat nke nwere ya. A na-agbakwunye kilogram 20 nke fatịlaịza ndị a na fatịlaịza n'olulu ahụ. Na mgbakwunye, na ala acidic gbakwunye 2-2.5 n'arọ nke tuffily tuff. N'elu aja dị aja, a ga-etinye lime n'ụdị ntụ ọka dolomite nwere magnesium, nke ezughị na aja aja dị ọcha. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-etinye nri fatịlaịza: 0.7-0.9 n'arọ nke superphosphate granular na 0.3 n'arọ nke nkume phosphate ma ọ bụ nri ọkpụkpụ; to 150 g nke potassium sulfate na 700-900 g nke osisi ash. Fertilizersgwakọta fatịlaịza nke ahịhịa na mineral na ala a na-arụ n'ụzọ a ka ọtụtụ n'ime ha daa na akuku nke olulu. Ọ bụrụ n ’ala a ezughi oke imeju, mgbe ahụ wụsara ala n’ime olulu ahụ site na ebe na-eme nri nke ahihia.

Usoro ọdịda

Tupu ịmalite, a na-eji mma ubi ma ọ bụ nchekwa nke nwere akụkụ mebiri emebi nkebi usoro ahụ emebi. A na-etinye usoro mgbọrọgwụ, karịchaa n'oge ọkọchị n'ime apịtị ụrọ tupu etinye ya n'olulu mmiri. Ọ bụrụ na olulu anaghị ekpuchi ala kwadebere tupu a kụọ, mgbe ahụ, tupu i kụọ, ha na-ejupụta na ọkara ma na-emekọ ihe ọnụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a wụsara ala dị n'etiti olulu ahụ n'akụkụ ọnụ nke olulu ahụ. A na-etinye usoro mgbọrọgwụ nke lilac na knoll, na-eduzi mgbọrọgwụ n'akụkụ dị iche iche. Izere ime ka ihe ọkụkụ ahụ dịkwuo omimi, ala nke olu kwesịrị ịdị 4-6 cm karịa ogo ala. N'ịgbasapụ usoro mgbọrọgwụ ya na ala dị mịrị-3-5 cm, a na-awụsa olulu ahụ na ala ndị ọzọ ma jiri ụkwụ gị zọọ ya nke ọma, na-amalite site na nsọtụ. A na-eme nchịkọta dị mma, na-ezere mmebi nke sistemụ mgbọrọgwụ. Gburugburu ebe a kụrụ ihe a na-awụpụ akwa nke ụwa na-enwe ọhụụ nke 15-20 cm, na-akpụ olulu maka ịgba mmiri. A na-awunye lita 15-20 n'ime olulu ahụ. Mgbe itesịrị, a na-efesa ogwe ahụ na ala kpọrọ nkụ ma jiri ntụ ọka perem 3-5 cm mee ya.

Nlekọta

Lilac enweghị ntụgharị, na ilekọta ya dị mfe.

A gha akụ Lilacs na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi, tupu buds emeghe, ma ọ bụ ọdịda. Oge kachasị mma ịbanye na Septemba. A ga-agba mmiri na-eto eto nke ahịhịa kụrụ. Na okenye guzobere bushes na-mmiri naanị n'oge unwu.

N'oge opupu ihe ubi, nke na-esighi ike, akpọnwụwo ma na-etolite n'ime alaka ohia na-ebipụ, a na-ewepụpụkwa “ọhịa” a na-adọpụ iche dịka ọ na-egosi. A na-egbuji panicles na-agbaze, na-anwa ịghara imebi Ome n'akụkụ ha, nke a na-atọpụ ifuru ifuru - nke okooko osisi ga-apụta n'afọ ọzọ.

Mgbe ị na-eri nri ị na-eme nri, egbula nri fatịlaịza nitrogen, gụnyere ndị nke nje Organịl - llac ga-ama oge kara aka ma tachiekwa oge oyi. O zuru ezu iwebata fatịlaịza dị mgbagwoju anya na mmiri na potash na site - mgbe ifuru, ma ị nwere ike ime nke a kwa afọ.

A ga-ewepụrịrị ala ndị dị n'okpuru bushes ka ọ ghara imebi sistemụ enweghị atụ. Iwu niile ọzọ bụ ọkọlọtọ, lekọta lilac dị ka ụdị osisi ọ bụla chọrọ mma..

Ojiji

Ọhịa nke ahịhịa na-efe efe. A na-agha mkpụrụ ọghachị n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ n'oge opupu ihe ubi mgbe ọnwa abụọ nke ịgha mkpụrụ dị na ogo 2-5. Valietal lilac na-agbasa site na ịkpụ, mkpụ ma ọ bụ grafting. Gba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa a na-eji eso ma ọ bụ akụrụ na-ehi ụra (budding). Na ngwaahịa nwere ike ịbụ privet nkịtị, Hungarian lilac na lilac nkịtị.

Lilacs nwere ike ịrapu ya (site na oge ọkọchị) na iteta (na mmalite oge opupu ihe ubi, na mmalite nke oge ọkọchị). Mgbe oge opupu ihe ubi, a na-egbute ahihia na Febụwarị - Mach ma chekwaa ya na friji na mbadamba 10 ruo 20 na mpempe akwụkwọ. Site na mmezi oge opupu ihe ubi, ihe lanarị bụ 80%. Mkpa oculants dị elu, ma ha na-enwe oge oyi nke ọma. N'ihi ngwangwa ngwa ngwa nke buds na oge opupu ihe ubi, enwere ntakịrị oge maka budding, yabụ, usoro mmeputakwa site na akụrụ na-ehi ụra bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị.

A kwadebere ngwaahịa ahụ site na ọkara nke abụọ nke June: a na-ebipụ alaka ya ka ọ dị elu nke 12-15 cm, a na-ewepụ ome ahụ. Ingkịsị kwachaa, tupu ifuru, a naghị atụ aro ya n'ihi na ebe a na-egbute ya enweghị oge ọ gwọọ. Na rootstock, ọkpụrụkpụ nke olu olu kwesịrị ịbụ 0.6 - 1.5 cm, na ogbugbo ahụ kwesịrị ịdị iche iche n'osisi ahụ. Iji mee nke a, ọ dị mkpa iji mmiri na-agba mmiri nke ukwuu 5 ruo ụbọchị 6 tupu ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ. N’ụbọchị ịgba agba, a na-emeghe ngwaahịa ahụ, a na-eji akwa dị ọcha ma kpochaa ebe a na-agba ọgwụ mgbochi. A na-akwadebe mkpụkọ akụrụ maka ntan ka ha na-etolite. Ome nke ome tozuru oke buru ibu, ogbugbo ahu bu aja di na agba, ntozu oke nke nkpuru ahu bu nke a kpebisiri ike site n’igbagide: o na eweputa ihe na - adighi nma n’ihi ezumike n’anu ahu. Ogo kacha mma nke mkpịsị osisi ahụ bụ 3-4 mm, ogologo ya bụ 20 - 30 cm, ọ ka mma ịkpụpụ ha site na ndịda ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke okpueze nke ohia. A na-ewepu mkpụrụ akwụkwọ, na mpempe akwụkwọ nwere ogologo 1 - 1.5 cm. Ha na-eje ozi maka ịdị mma nke budding. A na-akwakọkwaa eso a kwadebere na fim plastik nke ajị anụ ma ọ bụ sawdust moistened ma debe ya na okpuru ulo ma ọ bụ friji maka ụbọchị 7-10. A na-esi n'etiti etiti gbaa ahụ akụrụ. N'elu, anaghị eji ifuru (1-2 ụzọ abụọ). Ekwesighi ka mmepu na obere, akụrụ eto etoputara nke oma. Site na oge ịse tozuru oke, ị nwere ike iburu akụrụ 10-15 zuru oke. Oge kachasị mma maka ndị nọọsụ na etiti Russia bụ ọkara nke abụọ nke July. Successga nke ọma nke mmeputara dabere na usoro ahụ. N’ịdị elu nke 3-5 cm site n’ala ala, a na-eme mbepụ ụdị T ka nwere ngwa ngwa dị nkenke ya iji ghara ịmetụ anụ ahụ aka. Ogologo ogologo oge dị ogologo bụ cm cm 3. N’ebe a na -eme ka ebe ndị adọtị ahụ dị, etolite ogbugbo (n’ọkpụ nke mma n’ubi). A na-ewere aka ahụ n'aka ekpe wee jide aka na mkpịsị aka ukwu na etiti dị n'elu akụrụ ịkpụ. Mkpịsị aka ntanetị na-agbatị ma na-akwado aka ahụ site na ala. A na-etinye mma ahụ n'oghere dị oke aka ruo aka 1 ruo 1.5 cm karịa akụrụ. Site na ngwa ngwa nke aka nri, a na-atụnye mma ahụ na-emighị emi n'ime nkụ ma kwaga ya onwe ya. Ekwesịrị idowe ogologo fụlatọ ahụ n'otu omimi ma ọ bụ naanị n'okpuru akụrụ agụba na-agbadata ma na-enwe ya iji merie anụ ahụ denser nke ogwe vaskụla. Ihe nkpuchi mara mma nwere ogwe osisi dị larịị, ogologo ya dị 2-2.5 cm, ọnọdụ nke akụrụ dị n'etiti.

Ihe ndozi ozo nke ogho a gunyere na nkewa nke osisi. A na-ejide ọta ahụ n'aka ekpe ya na nkụ ahụ, a na-eji mma mma bulie osisi ahụ ma na-eme ngwangwa, na-akwado isi mkpịsị aka aka nri wee kepụ ya n'ụgbụgbọ. Ọ bụrụ na ngwakọ vaskụla mebiri emebi, a ga-atụfu ntụpọ ahụ. A na-eji fụlawa a kwadebere nke ọma rụọ ọrụ ma tinye ya na nsị nwere ụdị T na ngwaahịa ahụ. Enwere ike iji ọkpụkpụ mma iji mee ka flap ahụ gbadaa ma, ọ kachasị, ọ kwesịrị ịdị n'etiti etiti mbepụ ahụ. Ejikọtara ọta ọnụ maka ọta ma kegide ya. Maka ịdọtị, jiri akwa na-agbanwe agbanwe na ọgwụ maka mkpakọ. Ribbons na-ebipụ 30 - 40 cm ogologo, 1-1.5 cm n'obosara .. Ngwunye ahụ malitere site na elu ma mechie n'okpuru akụrụ. A na-emechi ngwụcha nke teepu ahụ na mpaghara transverse a na-atụgharị elekere abụọ. Mgbasa ahụ na-efegharị efegharị: agbada agbadala nke ọ bụla na-erughị elu site na elu. Ngwurugwu kwesịrị jidesie ike, na-enweghị oghere, mechie ngalaba ogologo oge niile na ngwaahịa ahụ. Ogwe osisi ahụ na-emeghe. A na-ejikọ ngwụcha nke teepu ahụ na ala site na iji loop. Mgbe ahụ, a gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ ahụ, mgbe ụbọchị 5-7 gasịrị, a ga-agba mmiri oculants mmiri, ma mgbe ụbọchị 15-20 gasịrị ị nwere ike ịlele lanarị nha: ụdara ndị gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na-egbu maramara, na-enwe ọhụụ, petiole na-apụ n'anya na obere mgbali. Ọ bụghị-agba nkịtị buds nkụ, imechi, akwukwo petiole ike esetịpụ.

Ọ kachasị mma ịme budding site na 5 ruo 10 na site na 16 ruo 20 awa. Emela ka mmiri zoo. Ozugbo ntu oyi mbụ, ekpuchi oculants na peat akọrọ nwere akwa nke 5-10 cm karịa ebe ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, a na-ahụchi peat, a na-ewepụ eriri ahụ ma na-egbutu ndị ahụ "n'ogwu" dị n'elu akụrụ ahụ site na 5-7 cm. A na-ewepu akụrụ ya ozugbo na mmị, ewezuga nke abụọ nke abụọ dị elu, nke na-ewepụta mmiri ọfụma na ntinye nri. Mgbe anya bidoro itolite, mgbe ahụ ewepu akụrụ ndị ọzọ dị n ’imepe. A na-ekekọta ihe ngosi ọhụrụ na ọgọ ya ka ọ ghara ịgbaji.

Ọrịa na Ọrịa

Lilacs adịkarịghị maka nje na ọrịa.. Kacha nkịtị ma dị ize ndụ bụ ndị a.

Ngwurugwu Lilac akụrisị akwụkwọ. Na mbido, ekpuchiciri aja aja kpuchie ha - ogbunigwe, ma ghachaa ma kpoo ya. Umu igbo di ka odi oku. N'afọ ọzọ, ndị dị otú ahụ bushes fọrọ nke nta adịghị oge ntoju. Butterflies ofufe ke ufọt ufọt May - mmalite June na dina nsen na ala nke akwukwo tinyere ndị veins. Mgbe ụbọchị 5-10 gachara, caterpillar ahụ na-apụta wee banye anụ ahụ nke akwụkwọ. N'ihe dị ka etiti ọnwa July, caterpillars na-agbadata na ala na pupate na elu ala oyi akwa, na omimi nke 5 cm. Mgbe ụbọchị 18 gasịrị, nru ube na-apụ. Oge okirikiri pupae oyi na ala na omimi nke 3-5 cm.

Ihe njikwa. Igwu Ala n'okpuru bushes ke mbubreyo mgbụsị akwụkwọ na mmiri na omimi nke 20 cm na-atụgharị esite. N'otu oge ahụ, a ga-akpachara anya ka ọ ghara imebi sistemụ mgbọrọgwụ, ebe ọ bụ na mpaghara ya dị elu na lilac. Na obere mmebi nke bushes, wedata epupụta emetụta ma kpọọ ha ọkụ.

Ọrịa necrosis. Ọrịa ahụ na-aga n'ihu na ọkara mbụ nke August. A na-ebute ọrịa site na ụmụ ahụhụ, site na mmiri n'oge ịgba mmiri, yana ihe ọkụkụ na site na mmerụ ahụ. Ihe causative gị n'ụlọnga hibernates na dara epupụta, na anụ ahụ nke ọrịa Ome. Ihe ịrịba ama nke oria: ahihia akwukwo, ome ndi ozo. Nke mbu, a ghapu ahihia na akuku nke ome, mgbe ahu oria rida. Na-eto eto na-emetụta Ome si isi nke akwukwo cuttings.

Ihe njikwa. Oge nchịkwa pesti. Nchịkọta na mbibi nke akwụkwọ dara, kwachaa ma na-ere akụkụ akụkụ nke osisi ahụ. Ekpochapu ahihia ahu nke o buru ibu ma kpoo ya oku. Osisi Lilac tupu ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ kwesịrị mgbochi.